Moon IS, Kim J, Lee SY, Choi HS, Lee WS How long should the sudden hearing loss patients be followed after early steroid combination therapy? Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2009 Sep;266(9):1391-5. doi: 10.1007/s00405-009-0932-9. Epub 2009 Mar 13.
Moon IS, Lee JD, Kim J, Hong SJ, Lee WS Intratympanic dexamethasone is an effective method as a salvage treatment in refractory sudden hearing loss. Otol Neurotol. 2011 Dec;32(9):1432-6. doi: 10.1097/MAO.0b013e318238fc43.
Park SM, Han C, Lee JW, Kong TH, Seo YJ Does Herpes Virus Reactivation Affect Prognosis in Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss? Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol. 2017 Mar;10(1):66-70. doi: 10.21053/ceo.2016.00360. Epub 2016 Jul 27.
Rhee TM, Hwang D, Lee JS, Park J, Lee JM Addition of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy vs Medical Therapy Alone for Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2018 Dec 1;144(12):1153-1161. doi: 10.1001/jamaoto.2018.2133.
Prospective Cohort Study of Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Wonju Severance Christian Hospital
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
