Healthy — Expanding Fertility Care to Poor and Low Resourced Settings Study
Citation(s)
Bradshaw A, Ballon-Landa E, Owusu R, Hsieh TC Poor Compliance With Postvasectomy Semen Testing: Analysis of Factors and Barriers. Urology. 2020 Feb;136:146-151. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2019.10.026. Epub 2019 Nov 26.
Ethics Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine Disparities in access to effective treatment for infertility in the United States: an Ethics Committee opinion. Fertil Steril. 2015 Nov;104(5):1104-10. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.07.1139. Epub 2015 Sep 10.
Herndon CN, Anaya Y, Noel M, Cakmak H, Cedars MI Outcomes from a university-based low-cost in vitro fertilization program providing access to care for a low-resource socioculturally diverse urban community. Fertil Steril. 2017 Oct;108(4):642-649.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2017.06.035. Epub 2017 Sep 2.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
