Healthy Subjects — Assessing the PK of Met DR, Met IR, and Met XR in Healthy Subjects
Citation(s)
Buse JB, DeFronzo RA, Rosenstock J, Kim T, Burns C, Skare S, Baron A, Fineman M The Primary Glucose-Lowering Effect of Metformin Resides in the Gut, Not the Circulation: Results From Short-term Pharmacokinetic and 12-Week Dose-Ranging Studies. Diabetes Care. 2016 Feb;39(2):198-205. doi: 10.2337/dc15-0488. Epub 2015 Aug 18.
DeFronzo RA, Buse JB, Kim T, Skare S, Baron A, Fineman M, editors Dissociation between Metformin Plasma Exposure and its Glucose-Lowering Effect: A Novel Gut-Mediated Mechanism of Action. 73rd Annual Scientific Meeting of The American Diabetes Association; 2013 June 21-25th; Chicago, Il.
A Randomized, Crossover Study Assessing the Pharmacokinetics of EFB0027 Versus ETB0015 and ETB0014 in Healthy Subjects
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
