Healthy Aging — Modified Otago Exercise Program on Balance Performance
Citation(s)
Alhambra-Borrás, T , Valia-Cotanda, E., Dura-Ferrandis, E., Garcés-Ferrer, J. & Quel-Tejón, B. (2017). Promoting active ageing through a physical exercise program aimed at reducing frailty and risk of failing among older adults. International Journal of Integrated Care, 17(5): A225, 1-8. Doi: dx.doi.org/10.5334/ijic.3535.
Benavent-Caballer V, Rosado-Calatayud P, Segura-Ortí E, Amer-Cuenca JJ, Lisón JF The effectiveness of a video-supported group-based Otago exercise programme on physical performance in community-dwelling older adults: a preliminary study. Physiotherapy. 2016 Sep;102(3):280-6. doi: 10.1016/j.physio.2015.08.002. Epub 2015 Sep 1.
Campbell, A J. & Robertson, M.C. (2003). Otago Exercise Programme to prevent falls in older adults. Otago Medical School. Retrieved from https://www.livestronger.org.nz/assets/Uploads/acc1162-otago-exercise-manual.pdf
Chiu HL, Yeh TT, Lo YT, Liang PJ, Lee SC The effects of the Otago Exercise Programme on actual and perceived balance in older adults: A meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2021 Aug 6;16(8):e0255780. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255780. eCollection 2021.
Chu, L W., Chi, I. & Chiu, A.Y.Y. (2007). Falls and fall-related injuries in community-dwelling elderly persons in Hong Kong: a study on risk factors, functional decline, and health services utilization after falls. Hong Kong Medical Journal. 2007; 13(Suppl 1): S8-12. Retrieved from https://www.hkmj.org/system/files/hkm0702sp1p8.pdf
Department of Health (2019). Fall Prevention in Elderly. Elderly Health Service of Department of Health and Primary Healthcare Office of Food and Health Bureau. Retrieved from https://www.elderly.gov.hk/tc_chi/books/files/fall_prevention/Fall_Prevention_booklet.pdf
Fong, K N.K., Siu, A.M.H., Au Yeung, K., Cheung, S.W.S. & Chan, C.C.H. (2011). Falls among the Community-living elderly people in Hong Kong: A retrospective study. Hong Kong Journal of Occupational Therapy. 21; 1: 33-40. Doi: 10.106/j.hkjot.2011.05.005.
Jose, S & Sangita, K. (2018). Effectiveness of Otago exercise to improve balance, quality of life and to reduce risk of fall in hemiplegic patients. International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR). 2019, Vol. 8, (8), 2043-46. Retrieved from https://www.ijsr.net/archive/v8i8/ART2020776.pdf
Kiik, S M., Vanchapo, A.R., Elfrida, M.F., Nuwa, M.S. & Sakinah, S. (2020). Effectiveness of Otago exercise on health status and risk of fall among elderly with chronic illness. Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia. 2020; 23 (1), 15-22. Doi: 10.7454/jki.v23il.900.
Luk JK, Chan TY, Chan DK Falls prevention in the elderly: translating evidence into practice. Hong Kong Med J. 2015 Apr;21(2):165-71. doi: 10.12809/hkmj144469. Epub 2015 Feb 27. Review.
Martins AC, Guia D, Saraiva M, Pereira T Effects of A "Modified" Otago Exercise Program on the Functional Abilities and Social Participation of Older Adults Living in the Community-The AGA@4life Model. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Feb 15;17(4). pii: E1258. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17041258.
Park Y, Chang M Effects of the Otago exercise program on fall efficacy, activities of daily living and quality of life in elderly stroke patients. J Phys Ther Sci. 2016 Jan;28(1):190-3. doi: 10.1589/jpts.28.190. Epub 2016 Jan 30.
Salekar, S & Khandale, S.R. (2019). Effect of Otago exercise program on balance and risk of fall in community-dwelling individuals having knee osteoarthritis. International Journal of Advance Research and Development. Vol. 4, (4): 36-38. Retrieved from https://www.ijarnd.com/manuscripts/v4i4/V4I4-1152.pdf
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
