Healthy Age-matched Older Adults — Application of VR-based Working Memory Screening Test
Citation(s)
Daugherty AM, Bender AR, Yuan P, Raz N Changes in Search Path Complexity and Length During Learning of a Virtual Water Maze: Age Differences and Differential Associations with Hippocampal Subfield Volumes. Cereb Cortex. 2016 Jun;26(6):2391-401. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhv061. Epub 2015 Apr 1.
Daugherty AM, Raz N A virtual water maze revisited: Two-year changes in navigation performance and their neural correlates in healthy adults. Neuroimage. 2017 Feb 1;146:492-506. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.09.044. Epub 2016 Sep 19.
Daugherty AM, Yuan P, Dahle CL, Bender AR, Yang Y, Raz N Path Complexity in Virtual Water Maze Navigation: Differential Associations with Age, Sex, and Regional Brain Volume. Cereb Cortex. 2015 Sep;25(9):3122-31. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhu107. Epub 2014 May
Folley BS, Astur R, Jagannathan K, Calhoun VD, Pearlson GD Anomalous neural circuit function in schizophrenia during a virtual Morris water task. Neuroimage. 2010 Feb 15;49(4):3373-84. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.11.034. Epub 2009 Dec 4.
Application of VR-based Working Memory Screening Test to Facilitate Early Detection of Dementia
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
