Headache — Assessment of the Efficacy of Medrol Dose Pack for Acute Post-Concussive Headaches
Citation(s)
Bland JM, Altman DG Applying the right statistics: analyses of measurement studies. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2003 Jul;22(1):85-93. doi: 10.1002/uog.122.
Bramley H, Hong J, Zacko C, Royer C, Silvis M Mild Traumatic Brain Injury and Post-concussion Syndrome: Treatment and Related Sequela for Persistent Symptomatic Disease. Sports Med Arthrosc Rev. 2016 Sep;24(3):123-9. doi: 10.1097/JSA.0000000000000111.
Bramley H, Melinosky C, Silvis M, Ross S Pediatric posttraumatic headache: two cases using steroids as abortive therapy. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2012 Oct;28(10):1081-4. doi: 10.1097/PEC.0b013e31826ceeeb.
Bulamu NB, Kaambwa B, Ratcliffe J A systematic review of instruments for measuring outcomes in economic evaluation within aged care. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2015 Nov 9;13:179. doi: 10.1186/s12955-015-0372-8.
Ducic I, Sinkin JC, Crutchfield KE Interdisciplinary treatment of post-concussion and post-traumatic headaches. Microsurgery. 2015 Nov;35(8):603-7. doi: 10.1002/micr.22503. Epub 2015 Sep 26.
EuroQol Group EuroQol--a new facility for the measurement of health-related quality of life. Health Policy. 1990 Dec;16(3):199-208. doi: 10.1016/0168-8510(90)90421-9.
Halstead ME Pharmacologic Therapies for Pediatric Concussions. Sports Health. 2016 Jan-Feb;8(1):50-2. doi: 10.1177/1941738115622158.
Hoshide R, Cheung V, Marshall L, Kasper E, Chen CC Do corticosteroids play a role in the management of traumatic brain injury? Surg Neurol Int. 2016 Sep 13;7:84. doi: 10.4103/2152-7806.190439. eCollection 2016.
Kacperski J Pharmacotherapy for Persistent Posttraumatic Headaches in Children and Adolescents: A Brief Review of the Literature. Paediatr Drugs. 2018 Oct;20(5):385-393. doi: 10.1007/s40272-018-0299-8.
King NS, Crawford S, Wenden FJ, Moss NE, Wade DT The Rivermead Post Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire: a measure of symptoms commonly experienced after head injury and its reliability. J Neurol. 1995 Sep;242(9):587-92. doi: 10.1007/BF00868811.
Kuczynski A, Crawford S, Bodell L, Dewey D, Barlow KM Characteristics of post-traumatic headaches in children following mild traumatic brain injury and their response to treatment: a prospective cohort. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2013 Jul;55(7):636-41. doi: 10.1111/dmcn.12152. Epub 2013 Apr 5.
Potter S, Leigh E, Wade D, Fleminger S The Rivermead Post Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire: a confirmatory factor analysis. J Neurol. 2006 Dec;253(12):1603-14. doi: 10.1007/s00415-006-0275-z. Epub 2006 Oct 24.
Rabin R, de Charro F EQ-5D: a measure of health status from the EuroQol Group. Ann Med. 2001 Jul;33(5):337-43. doi: 10.3109/07853890109002087.
Seifert T Post-Traumatic Headache Therapy in the Athlete. Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2016 Jun;20(6):41. doi: 10.1007/s11916-016-0568-6.
Solomon S Post-traumatic headache: commentary: an overview. Headache. 2009 Jul;49(7):1112-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2009.01462.x.
Assessment of the Efficacy of Medrol Dose Pack for Post-Concussive Headaches
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
