Hand Hygiene — Behavior Change in Context to Contain the Spread of COVID-19
Citation(s)
Ajzen I The theory of planned behaviour: reactions and reflections. Psychol Health. 2011 Sep;26(9):1113-27. doi: 10.1080/08870446.2011.613995.
Allan JL, Sniehotta FF, Johnston M The best laid plans: planning skill determines the effectiveness of action plans and implementation intentions. Ann Behav Med. 2013 Aug;46(1):114-20. doi: 10.1007/s12160-013-9483-9.
Braun, V , & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative research in psychology, 3(2), 77-101.
Collins LM, Murphy SA, Strecher V The multiphase optimization strategy (MOST) and the sequential multiple assignment randomized trial (SMART): new methods for more potent eHealth interventions. Am J Prev Med. 2007 May;32(5 Suppl):S112-8. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2007.01.022.
Faul F, Erdfelder E, Lang AG, Buchner A G*Power 3: a flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behav Res Methods. 2007 May;39(2):175-91. doi: 10.3758/bf03193146.
Orbell S, Verplanken B The automatic component of habit in health behavior: habit as cue-contingent automaticity. Health Psychol. 2010 Jul;29(4):374-83. doi: 10.1037/a0019596.
Perski O, Blandford A, Garnett C, Crane D, West R, Michie S A self-report measure of engagement with digital behavior change interventions (DBCIs): development and psychometric evaluation of the "DBCI Engagement Scale". Transl Behav Med. 2020 Feb 3;10(1):267-277. doi: 10.1093/tbm/ibz039.
Reyes Fernandez B, Knoll N, Hamilton K, Schwarzer R Social-cognitive antecedents of hand washing: Action control bridges the planning-behaviour gap. Psychol Health. 2016 Aug;31(8):993-1004. doi: 10.1080/08870446.2016.1174236. Epub 2016 Apr 26.
Schmidt J, Lamprecht F, Wittmann WW [Satisfaction with inpatient management. Development of a questionnaire and initial validity studies]. Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol. 1989 Jul;39(7):248-55. German.
Schwarzer R, Schuz B, Ziegelmann JP, Lippke S, Luszczynska A, Scholz U Adoption and maintenance of four health behaviors: theory-guided longitudinal studies on dental flossing, seat belt use, dietary behavior, and physical activity. Ann Behav Med. 2007 Apr;33(2):156-66. doi: 10.1007/BF02879897.
Sniehotta FF, Scholz U, Schwarzer R Action plans and coping plans for physical exercise: A longitudinal intervention study in cardiac rehabilitation. Br J Health Psychol. 2006 Feb;11(Pt 1):23-37. doi: 10.1348/135910705X43804.
Behaviour Change in Context to Contain the Spread of COVID-19
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
