Hamstring Muscles — The Acute Effects of Different Stretching Techniques
Citation(s)
Cini A, de Vasconcelos GS, Lima CS Acute effect of different time periods of passive static stretching on the hamstring flexibility. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2017;30(2):241-246. doi: 10.3233/BMR-160740.
Rancour J, Holmes CF, Cipriani DJ The effects of intermittent stretching following a 4-week static stretching protocol: a randomized trial. J Strength Cond Res. 2009 Nov;23(8):2217-22. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181b869c7.
Umegaki H, Ikezoe T, Nakamura M, Nishishita S, Kobayashi T, Fujita K, Tanaka H, Ichihashi N Acute effects of static stretching on the hamstrings using shear elastic modulus determined by ultrasound shear wave elastography: Differences in flexibility between hamstring muscle components. Man Ther. 2015 Aug;20(4):610-3. doi: 10.1016/j.math.2015.02.006. Epub 2015 Mar 2.
Yildirim MS, Ozyurek S, Tosun O, Uzer S, Gelecek N Comparison of effects of static, proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation and Mulligan stretching on hip flexion range of motion: a randomized controlled trial. Biol Sport. 2016 Mar;33(1):89-94. doi: 10.5604/20831862.1194126. Epub 2016 Feb 8.
The Acute Effects of Different Hamstring Muscle Stretching Techniques on Reducing Muscle Resistance to Movement by Ultrasound Elastography
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
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Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
