Grass Pollen Allergy — Regulatory T-cells After Subcutaneous Immunotherapy
Citation(s)
Drachenberg KJ, Heinzkill M, Urban E, Woroniecki SR Efficacy and tolerability of short-term specific immunotherapy with pollen allergoids adjuvanted by monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) for children and adolescents. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 2003 Sep-Oct;31(5):270-7.
Martin M, Michalek SM, Katz J Role of innate immune factors in the adjuvant activity of monophosphoryl lipid A. Infect Immun. 2003 May;71(5):2498-507.
Rosewich M, Schulze J, Fischer von Weikersthal-Drachenberg KJ, Zielen S Ultra-short course immunotherapy in children and adolescents during a 3-yrs post-marketing surveillance study. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2010 Feb;21(1 Pt 2):e185-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-3038.2009.00953.x. Epub 2009 Dec 8.
Zielen S, Kardos P, Madonini E Steroid-sparing effects with allergen-specific immunotherapy in children with asthma: a randomized controlled trial. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2010 Nov;126(5):942-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2010.06.002. Epub 2010 Jul 10.
Investigation of T-regulatory Cells After Subcutaneous Immunotherapy
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
