Glenohumeral Osteoarthritis — Osteoarthritis Shoulder Injection Study
Citation(s)
Arroll B, Goodyear-Smith F Corticosteroid injections for osteoarthritis of the knee: meta-analysis. BMJ. 2004 Apr 10;328(7444):869. Epub 2004 Mar 23.
Barbour KE, Helmick CG, Boring M, Brady TJ Vital Signs: Prevalence of Doctor-Diagnosed Arthritis and Arthritis-Attributable Activity Limitation - United States, 2013-2015. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2017 Mar 10;66(9):246-253. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6609e1.
Gaujoux-Viala C, Dougados M, Gossec L Efficacy and safety of steroid injections for shoulder and elbow tendonitis: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Ann Rheum Dis. 2009 Dec;68(12):1843-9. doi: 10.1136/ard.2008.099572. Epub 2008 Dec 3. Review.
Godwin M, Dawes M Intra-articular steroid injections for painful knees. Systematic review with meta-analysis. Can Fam Physician. 2004 Feb;50:241-8. Review. Erratum in: Can Fam Physician. 2009 Jun;55(6):590.
Kim YS, Lee HJ, Lee DH, Choi KY Comparison of high- and low-dose intra-articular triamcinolone acetonide injection for treatment of primary shoulder stiffness: a prospective randomized trial. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2017 Feb;26(2):209-215. doi: 10.1016/j.jse.2016.09.034. Epub 2016 Nov 30.
Smuin DM, Seidenberg PH, Sirlin EA, Phillips SF, Silvis ML Rare Adverse Events Associated with Corticosteroid Injections: A Case Series and Literature Review. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2016 May-Jun;15(3):171-6. doi: 10.1249/JSR.0000000000000259. Review.
Yoon SH, Lee HY, Lee HJ, Kwack KS Optimal dose of intra-articular corticosteroids for adhesive capsulitis: a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Am J Sports Med. 2013 May;41(5):1133-9. doi: 10.1177/0363546513480475. Epub 2013 Mar 18.
Clinical Outcomes Following Randomization of Steroid Concentration in Patients With Glenohumeral Osteoarthritis
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.