Genital Prolapse — Mechanism of Incontinence Before and After Genital Prolapse Surgery
Citation(s)
Aagaard M, Klarskov N, Sønksen J, Bagi P, Colstrup H, Lose G Urethral pressure reflectometry; a novel technique for simultaneous recording of pressure and cross-sectional area: a study of feasibility in the prostatic urethra. BJU Int. 2012 Oct;110(8):1178-83. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-410X.2012.10997.x. Epub 2012 Mar 15.
Abdel-Fattah M, Familusi A, Fielding S, Ford J, Bhattacharya S Primary and repeat surgical treatment for female pelvic organ prolapse and incontinence in parous women in the UK: a register linkage study. BMJ Open. 2011 Nov 14;1(2):e000206. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2011-000206. Print 2011.
Dwyer PL Women with occult stress incontinence should not routinely have a mid-urethral sling with prolapse surgery. Int Urogynecol J. 2012 Jul;23(7):827-9. doi: 10.1007/s00192-012-1690-6. Epub 2012 Mar 14. Review.
Ennemoser S, Schönfeld M, von Bodungen V, Dian D, Friese K, Jundt K Clinical relevance of occult stress urinary incontinence (OSUI) following vaginal prolapse surgery: long-term follow-up. Int Urogynecol J. 2012 Jul;23(7):851-5. doi: 10.1007/s00192-012-1765-4. Epub 2012 May 12.
Hornung BR, Mitchell PJ, Carlson GL, Klarskov N, Lose G, Kiff ES Comparative study of anal acoustic reflectometry and anal manometry in the assessment of faecal incontinence. Br J Surg. 2012 Dec;99(12):1718-24. doi: 10.1002/bjs.8943. Erratum in: Br J Surg. 2013 Jan;100(2):301.
Klarskov N, Lose G Urethral pressure reflectometry vs urethral pressure profilometry in women: a comparative study of reproducibility and accuracy. BJU Int. 2007 Aug;100(2):351-6. Epub 2007 May 14.
Klarskov N Urethral pressure reflectometry. A method for simultaneous measurements of pressure and cross-sectional area in the female urethra. Dan Med J. 2012 Mar;59(3):B4412.
Leruth J, Fillet M, Waltregny D Incidence and risk factors of postoperative stress urinary incontinence following laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy in patients with negative preoperative prolapse reduction stress testing. Int Urogynecol J. 2013 Mar;24(3):485-91. doi: 10.1007/s00192-012-1888-7. Epub 2012 Jul 24.
Marinkovic SP, Stanton SL Incontinence and voiding difficulties associated with prolapse. J Urol. 2004 Mar;171(3):1021-8. Review.
Mitchell PJ, Klarskov N, Telford KJ, Hosker GL, Lose G, Kiff ES Anal acoustic reflectometry: a new reproducible technique providing physiological assessment of anal sphincter function. Dis Colon Rectum. 2011 Sep;54(9):1122-8. doi: 10.1097/DCR.0b013e318223fbcb.
Mouritsen L, Larsen JP Symptoms, bother and POPQ in women referred with pelvic organ prolapse. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct. 2003 Jun;14(2):122-7. Epub 2003 Apr 26.
Pradhan A, Jain P, Latthe PM Effectiveness of midurethral slings in recurrent stress urinary incontinence: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Urogynecol J. 2012 Jul;23(7):831-41. doi: 10.1007/s00192-012-1803-2. Epub 2012 May 11. Review.
Ridgeway B, Barber MD Midurethral slings for stress urinary incontinence: a urogynecology perspective. Urol Clin North Am. 2012 Aug;39(3):289-97. doi: 10.1016/j.ucl.2012.06.002. Review.
Saaby ML, Klarskov N, Lose G Urethral pressure reflectometry during intra-abdominal pressure increase-an improved technique to characterize the urethral closure function in continent and stress urinary incontinent women. Neurourol Urodyn. 2013 Nov;32(8):1103-8. doi: 10.1002/nau.22368. Epub 2013 Mar 26.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
