Generalized Anxiety Disorder — A Comparison Between Cognitive, Behavioral, and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Citation(s)
Behar E, Alcaine O, Zuellig AR, Borkovec TD Screening for generalized anxiety disorder using the Penn State Worry Questionnaire: a receiver operating characteristic analysis. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry. 2003 Mar;34(1):25-43.
Borkovec TD, Newman MG, Pincus AL, Lytle R A component analysis of cognitive-behavioral therapy for generalized anxiety disorder and the role of interpersonal problems. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2002 Apr;70(2):288-98.
Devilly GJ, Borkovec TD Psychometric properties of the credibility/expectancy questionnaire. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry. 2000 Jun;31(2):73-86.
McLaughlin KA, Behar E, Borkovec TD Family history of psychological problems in generalized anxiety disorder. J Clin Psychol. 2008 Jul;64(7):905-18. doi: 10.1002/jclp.20497.
Newman MG, Fisher AJ Expectancy/Credibility Change as a Mediator of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Generalized Anxiety Disorder: Mechanism of Action or Proxy for Symptom Change? Int J Cogn Ther. 2010 Sep;3:245-261.
Newman MG, Przeworski A, Fisher AJ, Borkovec TD Diagnostic comorbidity in adults with generalized anxiety disorder: impact of comorbidity on psychotherapy outcome and impact of psychotherapy on comorbid diagnoses. Behav Ther. 2010 Mar;41(1):59-72. doi: 10.1016/j.beth.2008.12.005. Epub 2009 Jun 8.
Roemer L, Molina S, Borkovec TD An investigation of worry content among generally anxious individuals. J Nerv Ment Dis. 1997 May;185(5):314-9.
Roemer L, Molina S, Litz BT, Borkovec TD Preliminary investigation of the role of previous exposure to potentially traumatizing events in generalized anxiety disorder. Depress Anxiety. 1996-1997;4(3):134-8.
Stöber, J , & Borkovec, T. D. (2002). Reduced concreteness of worry in generalized anxiety disorder: Findings from a therapy study. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 26, 89-96.
Desensitization and Cognitive Therapy in General Anxiety
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
