El-Serag HB, Graham DY, Richardson P, Inadomi JM Prevention of complicated ulcer disease among chronic users of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: the use of a nomogram in cost-effectiveness analysis. Arch Intern Med. 2002 Oct 14;162(18):2105-10.
Inadomi J, Fendrick AM Dyspepsia: Physicians Information and Education Resource. PIER. 2003 Jan 1.
Inadomi JM, Fendrick AM PPI use in the OTC era: who to treat, with what, and for how long? Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2005 Mar;3(3):208-15. Review.
Inadomi JM, McIntyre L, Bernard L, Fendrick AM Step-down from multiple- to single-dose proton pump inhibitors (PPIs): a prospective study of patients with heartburn or acid regurgitation completely relieved with PPIs. Am J Gastroenterol. 2003 Sep;98(9):1
Inadomi JM Cost-effectiveness of colorectal cancer surveillance in ulcerative colitis. Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl. 2003;(237):17-21. Review.
Inadomi JM On-demand and intermittent therapy for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease: economic considerations. Pharmacoeconomics. 2002;20(9):565-76. Review.
Inadomi JM Update on the cost-effectiveness of screening for colorectal neoplasia. Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2003 Jan;19(1):44-50.
Rhee J, Scheiman J, Inadomi J "Spontaneous" passage of a pancreatic duct stone. Gastrointest Endosc. 2003 Feb;57(2):278-80.
Rubenstein JH, Davis J, Marrero JA, Inadomi JM Relationship between diabetes mellitus and adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus and gastric cardia. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2005 Aug 1;22(3):267-71.
Rubenstein JH, Inadomi JM Dysphagia drives doctors to diagnose a disease: pitfalls in interpreting observational studies. Gastrointest Endosc. 2005 Jun;61(7):809-11.
Rubenstein JH, Inadomi JM Empiric beta-blockers for the prophylaxis of variceal hemorrhage: cost effective or clinically applicable? Hepatology. 2003 Feb;37(2):249-52. Review.
Rubenstein JH, Vakil N, Inadomi JM The cost-effectiveness of biomarkers for predicting the development of oesophageal adenocarcinoma. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2005 Jul 15;22(2):135-46.
Economic Impact of Guidelines for Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
