Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease — Study Using Esomeprazole as a Diagnostic Test for GERD in Patients With NCCP
Citation(s)
Ho KY, Cheung TK, Wong BC Gastroesophageal reflux disease in Asian countries: disorder of nature or nurture? J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2006 Sep;21(9):1362-5. Review.
Ho KY, Gwee KA, Khor JL, Selamat DS, Yeoh KG Validation of a graded response questionnaire for the diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease in an Asian primary care population. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2008 Jul;42(6):680-6. doi: 10.1097/MCG.0b013e3180653613.
Ho KY, Kang JY, Seow A Patterns of consultation and treatment for heartburn: findings from a Singaporean community survey. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 1999 Aug;13(8):1029-33.
Ho KY, Kang JY, Seow A Prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms in a multiracial Asian population, with particular reference to reflux-type symptoms. Am J Gastroenterol. 1998 Oct;93(10):1816-22.
Ho KY, Kang JY, Yeo B, Ng WL Non-cardiac, non-oesophageal chest pain: the relevance of psychological factors. Gut. 1998 Jul;43(1):105-10.
Ho KY, Kang JY Reflux esophagitis patients in Singapore have motor and acid exposure abnormalities similar to patients in the Western hemisphere. Am J Gastroenterol. 1999 May;94(5):1186-91.
Ho KY Gastroesophageal reflux disease in Asia: a condition in evolution. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2008 May;23(5):716-22. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2008.05380.x. Review.
Ho KY Gastroesophageal reflux disease is uncommon in Asia: evidence and possible explanations. World J Gastroenterol. 1999 Feb;5(1):4-6.
Lim LG, Ho KY Gastroesophageal reflux disease at the turn of millennium. World J Gastroenterol. 2003 Oct;9(10):2135-6. Review.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
