Gastric Cancer — Stomach Cancer Exosome-based Detection
Citation(s)
Akers JC, Gonda D, Kim R, Carter BS, Chen CC Biogenesis of extracellular vesicles (EV): exosomes, microvesicles, retrovirus-like vesicles, and apoptotic bodies. J Neurooncol. 2013 May;113(1):1-11. doi: 10.1007/s11060-013-1084-8. Epub 2013 Mar 2.
Chaput N, Thery C Exosomes: immune properties and potential clinical implementations. Semin Immunopathol. 2011 Sep;33(5):419-40. doi: 10.1007/s00281-010-0233-9. Epub 2010 Dec 21.
Heitzer E, Haque IS, Roberts CES, Speicher MR Current and future perspectives of liquid biopsies in genomics-driven oncology. Nat Rev Genet. 2019 Feb;20(2):71-88. doi: 10.1038/s41576-018-0071-5.
Jung G, Hernandez-Illan E, Moreira L, Balaguer F, Goel A Epigenetics of colorectal cancer: biomarker and therapeutic potential. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020 Feb;17(2):111-130. doi: 10.1038/s41575-019-0230-y. Epub 2020 Jan 3.
Lane JS, Hoff DV, Cridebring D, Goel A Extracellular Vesicles in Diagnosis and Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer: Current State and Future Perspectives. Cancers (Basel). 2020 Jun 10;12(6):1530. doi: 10.3390/cancers12061530.
Li A, Yu J, Kim H, Wolfgang CL, Canto MI, Hruban RH, Goggins M MicroRNA array analysis finds elevated serum miR-1290 accurately distinguishes patients with low-stage pancreatic cancer from healthy and disease controls. Clin Cancer Res. 2013 Jul 1;19(13):3600-10. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-12-3092. Epub 2013 May 22.
Lopez K, Lai SWT, Lopez Gonzalez EJ, Davila RG, Shuck SC Extracellular vesicles: A dive into their role in the tumor microenvironment and cancer progression. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2023 Mar 21;11:1154576. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1154576. eCollection 2023.
Nik Mohamed Kamal NNSB, Shahidan WNS Non-Exosomal and Exosomal Circulatory MicroRNAs: Which Are More Valid as Biomarkers? Front Pharmacol. 2020 Jan 20;10:1500. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01500. eCollection 2019.
Rupaimoole R, Slack FJ MicroRNA therapeutics: towards a new era for the management of cancer and other diseases. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2017 Mar;16(3):203-222. doi: 10.1038/nrd.2016.246. Epub 2017 Feb 17.
Schwarzenbach H, Nishida N, Calin GA, Pantel K Clinical relevance of circulating cell-free microRNAs in cancer. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2014 Mar;11(3):145-56. doi: 10.1038/nrclinonc.2014.5. Epub 2014 Feb 4.
Shigeyasu K, Toden S, Zumwalt TJ, Okugawa Y, Goel A Emerging Role of MicroRNAs as Liquid Biopsy Biomarkers in Gastrointestinal Cancers. Clin Cancer Res. 2017 May 15;23(10):2391-2399. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-16-1676. Epub 2017 Jan 31.
Shimada H, Noie T, Ohashi M, Oba K, Takahashi Y Clinical significance of serum tumor markers for gastric cancer: a systematic review of literature by the Task Force of the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association. Gastric Cancer. 2014 Jan;17(1):26-33. doi: 10.1007/s10120-013-0259-5. Epub 2013 Apr 10.
Toiyama Y, Okugawa Y, Goel A DNA methylation and microRNA biomarkers for noninvasive detection of gastric and colorectal cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2014 Dec 5;455(1-2):43-57. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.08.001. Epub 2014 Aug 13.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.