Chen J, Xu M, Zhang Y, Gao C, Sun P Effects of a stepwise, local patient-specific early oral feeding schedule after gastric cancer surgery: a single-center retrospective study from China. Sci Rep. 2019 Nov 12;9(1):16539. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-52629-0.
Hofmann JN, Yu K, Bagni RK, Lan Q, Rothman N, Purdue MP Intra-individual variability over time in serum cytokine levels among participants in the prostate, lung, colorectal, and ovarian cancer screening Trial. Cytokine. 2011 Nov;56(2):145-8. doi: 10.1016/j.cyto.2011.06.012. Epub 2011 Jul 20.
Nitsch SM, Pries R, Wollenberg B Head and neck cancer triggers increased IL-6 production of CD34+ stem cells from human cord blood. In Vivo. 2007 May-Jun;21(3):493-8.
Pei X, Chen B, Li L, Gao F, Jiang Z Multiplex tumor marker detection with new chemiluminescent immunoassay based on silica colloidal crystal beads. Analyst. 2010 Jan;135(1):177-81. doi: 10.1039/b912880h. Epub 2009 Nov 13.
Petrovic M, Bukumiric Z, Zdravkovic V, Mitrovic S, Atkinson HD, Jurišic V The prognostic significance of the circulating neuroendocrine markers chromogranin A, pro-gastrin-releasing peptide, and neuron-specific enolase in patients with small-cell lung cancer. Med Oncol. 2014 Feb;31(2):823. doi: 10.1007/s12032-013-0823-1. Epub 2013 Dec 30.
Zhao X, Bian F, Sun L, Cai L, Li L, Zhao Y Microfluidic Generation of Nanomaterials for Biomedical Applications. Small. 2020 Mar;16(9):e1901943. doi: 10.1002/smll.201901943. Epub 2019 Jul 1. Review.
Zhao Y, Zhao X, Pei X, Hu J, Zhao W, Chen B, Gu Z Multiplex detection of tumor markers with photonic suspension array. Anal Chim Acta. 2009 Feb 2;633(1):103-8. doi: 10.1016/j.aca.2008.11.035. Epub 2008 Nov 25.
Gastric Cancer Marker Detection and Its Kit Development
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
