Fractures, Open — Ganga Hospital Scoring System In Type-IIIA/B Open Tibial Fractures
Citation(s)
Al-Hourani K, Stoddart M, Khan U, Riddick A, Kelly M Orthoplastic reconstruction of type IIIB open tibial fractures retaining debrided devitalized cortical segments: the Bristol experience 2014 to 2018. Bone Joint J. 2019 Aug;101-B(8):1002-1008. doi: 10.1302/0301-620X.101B8.BJJ-2018-1526.R2.
Caudle RJ, Stern PJ Severe open fractures of the tibia. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1987 Jul;69(6):801-7.
Griffin M, Malahias M, Khan W, Hindocha S Update on the management of open lower limb fractures. Open Orthop J. 2012;6:571-7. doi: 10.2174/1874325001206010571. Epub 2012 Nov 30.
Gustilo RB, Anderson JT Prevention of infection in the treatment of one thousand and twenty-five open fractures of long bones: retrospective and prospective analyses. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1976 Jun;58(4):453-8.
Kumar KN, Shivanna HYS, Kumar TNS, Pratheeksh Assessment of Ganga Hospital Open Injury Severity Score of Limbs. J Emerg Trauma Shock. 2020 Oct-Dec;13(4):317-318. doi: 10.4103/JETS.JETS_68_20. Epub 2020 Dec 7.
Madhuchandra P, Rafi M, Devadoss S, Devadoss A Predictability of salvage and outcome of Gustilo and Anderson type-IIIA and type-IIIB open tibial fractures using Ganga Hospital Scoring system. Injury. 2015 Feb;46(2):282-7. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2014.11.003. Epub 2014 Nov 15.
Messner J, Johnson L, Taylor DM, Harwood P, Britten S, Foster P Treatment and functional outcomes of complex tibial fractures in children and adolescents using the Ilizarov method. Bone Joint J. 2018 Mar 1;100-B(3):396-403. doi: 10.1302/0301-620X.100B3.BJJ-2017-0863.R1.
Rajasekaran S, Sabapathy SR A philosophy of care of open injuries based on the Ganga hospital score. Injury. 2007 Feb;38(2):137-46. Epub 2006 Sep 6. Review.
Shanmuganathan R The utility of scores in the decision to salvage or amputation in severely injured limbs. Indian J Orthop. 2008 Oct;42(4):368-76. doi: 10.4103/0019-5413.43371.
Venkatadass K, Grandhi TSP, Rajasekaran S Use of Ganga Hospital Open Injury Severity Scoring for determination of salvage versus amputation in open type IIIB injuries of lower limbs in children-An analysis of 52 type IIIB open fractures. Injury. 2017 Nov;48(11):2509-2514. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2017.09.010. Epub 2017 Sep 12.
Ganga Hospital Scoring System In Gustilo And Anderson Classification System Type-IIIA/B Open Tibial Fractures
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.