Raghunath A, Perumal E Metal oxide nanoparticles as antimicrobial agents: a promise for the future. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2017 Feb;49(2):137-152. doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2016.11.011. Epub 2017 Jan 3. Review.
van der Snoek EM, Ekkelenkamp MB, Suykerbuyk JC Pitted keratolysis; physicians' treatment and their perceptions in Dutch army personnel. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2013 Sep;27(9):1120-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2012.04674.x. Epub 2012 Aug 7.
Vazquez-Lopez F, Perez-Oliva N Mupirocine ointment for symptomatic pitted keratolysis. Infection. 1996 Jan-Feb;24(1):55.
Vlahovic TC, Dunn SP, Kemp K The use of a clindamycin 1%-benzoyl peroxide 5% topical gel in the treatment of pitted keratolysis: a novel therapy. Adv Skin Wound Care. 2009 Dec;22(12):564-6. doi: 10.1097/01.ASW.0000363468.18117.fe.
A Study of Efficacy of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Coated Socks in Prevention of Unpleasant Foot Odor
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
