Flexion Contracture — Effectiveness of KneeMD on Flexion Contracture in Total Knee Arthroplasty Patients
Citation(s)
Aderinto J, Brenkel IJ, Chan P Natural history of fixed flexion deformity following total knee replacement: a prospective five-year study. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2005 Jul;87(7):934-6.
González Della Valle A, Leali A, Haas S Etiology and surgical interventions for stiff total knee replacements. HSS J. 2007 Sep;3(2):182-9. doi: 10.1007/s11420-007-9053-4.
Goudie ST, Deakin AH, Ahmad A, Maheshwari R, Picard F Flexion contracture following primary total knee arthroplasty: risk factors and outcomes. Orthopedics. 2011 Dec 6;34(12):e855-9. doi: 10.3928/01477447-20111021-18.
Koh IJ, Chang CB, Kang YG, Seong SC, Kim TK Incidence, predictors, and effects of residual flexion contracture on clinical outcomes of total knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 2013 Apr;28(4):585-90. doi: 10.1016/j.arth.2012.07.014. Epub 2012 Nov 8.
Lam LO, Swift S, Shakespeare D Fixed flexion deformity and flexion after knee arthroplasty. What happens in the first 12 months after surgery and can a poor outcome be predicted? Knee. 2003 Jun;10(2):181-5.
Mitsuyasu H, Matsuda S, Miura H, Okazaki K, Fukagawa S, Iwamoto Y Flexion contracture persists if the contracture is more than 15° at 3 months after total knee arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 2011 Jun;26(4):639-43. doi: 10.1016/j.arth.2010.04.023. Epub 2010 Jun 11.
Schurman DJ, Parker JN, Ornstein D Total condylar knee replacement. A study of factors influencing range of motion as late as two years after arthroplasty. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1985 Sep;67(7):1006-14.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
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Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
