Flat Feet — How Prefabricated Plantar Insoles Can Reduce the Pronation
Citation(s)
Barton CJ, Levinger P, Crossley KM, Webster KE, Menz HB Relationships between the Foot Posture Index and foot kinematics during gait in individuals with and without patellofemoral pain syndrome. J Foot Ankle Res. 2011 Mar 14;4:10. doi: 10.1186/1757-1146-4-10.
Benhamú S (2011) Factores pododólogicos predictivos de la laxitud ligamentosa en la población adulta [Tesis doctoral]. Departamento de Podología. Sevilla, Universidad de Sevilla.
Cornwall MW, McPoil TG Relationship between static foot posture and foot mobility. J Foot Ankle Res. 2011 Jan 18;4:4. doi: 10.1186/1757-1146-4-4.
Fuller EA The windlass mechanism of the foot. A mechanical model to explain pathology. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc. 2000 Jan;90(1):35-46.
Irving DB, Cook JL, Young MA, Menz HB Obesity and pronated foot type may increase the risk of chronic plantar heel pain: a matched case-control study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2007 May 17;8:41.
Razeghi M, Batt ME Foot type classification: a critical review of current methods. Gait Posture. 2002 Jun;15(3):282-91. Review.
Redmond AC, Crosbie J, Ouvrier RA Development and validation of a novel rating system for scoring standing foot posture: the Foot Posture Index. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon). 2006 Jan;21(1):89-98. Epub 2005 Sep 21.
Reina M, Lafuente G, Munuera PV Efecto de las Ortesis Plantares en las Mujeres con Hallux Abductus Valgus Leve y Moderado en Estática. Rev Esp Podol 2010; 21(5): 170-175.
Rodríguez E Estudio de los Efectos de los Soportes Plantares en la prevención y/o tratamiento del HAV. Rev Esp Podol 1993; 4(7): 323-330.
Sammarco VJ, Nichols R Orthotic management for disorders of the hallux. Foot Ankle Clin. 2005 Mar;10(1):191-209. Review.
Sánchez Rodríguez R (2011) Influencia del índice de Postura del pie en las presiones plantares durante la marcha. [Tesis doctoral]. Departamento de Enfermería. Plasencia, Universidad de Extremadura.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
