Femur Fracture — Compartment Psoas Block Efficacy and Safety
Citation(s)
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Demirel I, Ozer AB, Duzgol O, Bayar MK, Karakurt L, Erhan OL Comparison of unilateral spinal anesthesia and L1 paravertebral block combined with psoas compartment and sciatic nerve block in patients to undergo partial hip prosthesis. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2014;18(7):1067-72.
Dixon J, Ashton F, Baker P, Charlton K, Bates C, Eardley W Assessment and Early Management of Pain in Hip Fractures: The Impact of Paracetamol. Geriatr Orthop Surg Rehabil. 2018 Oct 25;9:2151459318806443. doi: 10.1177/2151459318806443. eCollection 2018. Review.
Marufu TC, White SM, Griffiths R, Moonesinghe SR, Moppett IK Prediction of 30-day mortality after hip fracture surgery by the Nottingham Hip Fracture Score and the Surgical Outcome Risk Tool. Anaesthesia. 2016 May;71(5):515-21. doi: 10.1111/anae.13418. Epub 2016 Mar 4.
Zhang X, Zhou Y, Chen L, Wang Q, Ni J, Liu L, Hu C, Xu X Anesthesia and postoperative analgesia during unilateral lower-extremity fracture surgeries using multiple injections through catheters beside the lumbar plexus or sciatic nerve. Ther Clin Risk Manag. 2013;9:299-302. doi: 10.2147/TCRM.S45053. Epub 2013 Jul 23.
Compartment Psoas Block Efficacy and Safety for Perioperative Analgesia in the Elderly With Proximal Femur Fractures: a Randomized Controlled Study
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
