Erythrocyte Transfusion — Cerebral Haemodynamic Changes by Red Blood Cell Transfusion in Neonates
Citation(s)
Bailey SM, Hendricks-Munoz KD, Wells JT, Mally P Packed red blood cell transfusion increases regional cerebral and splanchnic tissue oxygen saturation in anemic symptomatic preterm infants. Am J Perinatol. 2010 Jun;27(6):445-53. doi: 10.1055/s-0030-1247598. Epub 2010 Jan 22.
Banerjee J, Aladangady N Biomarkers to decide red blood cell transfusion in newborn infants. Transfusion. 2014 Oct;54(10):2574-82. doi: 10.1111/trf.12670. Epub 2014 May 5.
Cerussi A, Van Woerkom R, Waffarn F, Tromberg B Noninvasive monitoring of red blood cell transfusion in very low birthweight infants using diffuse optical spectroscopy. J Biomed Opt. 2005 Sep-Oct;10(5):051401. doi: 10.1117/1.2080102.
Dani C, Pratesi S, Fontanelli G, Barp J, Bertini G Blood transfusions increase cerebral, splanchnic, and renal oxygenation in anemic preterm infants. Transfusion. 2010 Jun;50(6):1220-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2009.02575.x. Epub 2010 Jan 22.
Sandal G, Oguz SS, Erdeve O, Akar M, Uras N, Dilmen U Assessment of red blood cell transfusion and transfusion duration on cerebral and mesenteric oxygenation using near-infrared spectroscopy in preterm infants with symptomatic anemia. Transfusion. 2014 Apr;54(4):1100-5. doi: 10.1111/trf.12359. Epub 2013 Jul 31.
Cerebral Haemodynamic Changes by Red Blood Cell Transfusion in Neonates
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
