Chin HS, Park TS, Moon YS, Oh JH Difference in clearance of intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide between vitrectomized and nonvitrectomized eyes. Retina. 2005 Jul-Aug;25(5):556-60.
Mao J, Xu Z, Lao J, Chen Y, Xu X, Wu S, Zheng Z, Liu B, Shen L Assessment of macular microvasculature features before and after vitrectomy in the idiopathic macular epiretinal membrane using a grading system: An optical coherence tomography angiography study. Acta Ophthalmol. 2021 Nov;99(7):e1168-e1175. doi: 10.1111/aos.14753. Epub 2021 Jan 10.
Medeiros MD, Alkabes M, Navarro R, Garcia-Arumí J, Mateo C, Corcóstegui B Dexamethasone intravitreal implant in vitrectomized versus nonvitrectomized eyes for treatment of patients with persistent diabetic macular edema. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther. 2014 Nov;30(9):709-16. doi: 10.1089/jop.2014.0010. Epub 2014 Sep 26.
Reilly G, Melamud A, Lipscomb P, Toussaint B SURGICAL OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS WITH MACULAR PUCKER AND GOOD PREOPERATIVE VISUAL ACUITY AFTER VITRECTOMY WITH MEMBRANE PEELING. Retina. 2015 Sep;35(9):1817-21. doi: 10.1097/IAE.0000000000000558.
Yang HS, Kim JT, Joe SG, Lee JY, Yoon YH Postoperative restoration of foveal inner retinal configuration in patients with epiretinal membrane and abnormally thick inner retina. Retina. 2015 Jan;35(1):111-9. doi: 10.1097/IAE.0000000000000276.
Evaluation of Intraoperative Slow-release Dexamethasone Implant Used During Vitrectomy for Epiretinal Membrane
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
