Down Syndrome — Effect of Core Stability Exercises and Balance Training in Postural Control Among Down Syndrome
Citation(s)
Alsakhawi RS, Elshafey MA Effect of Core Stability Exercises and Treadmill Training on Balance in Children with Down Syndrome: Randomized Controlled Trial. Adv Ther. 2019 Sep;36(9):2364-2373. doi: 10.1007/s12325-019-01024-2. Epub 2019 Jul 12.
Capio CM, Mak TCT, Tse MA, Masters RSW Fundamental movement skills and balance of children with Down syndrome. J Intellect Disabil Res. 2018 Mar;62(3):225-236. doi: 10.1111/jir.12458. Epub 2017 Dec 5.
Eid MA, Aly SM, Huneif MA, Ismail DK Effect of isokinetic training on muscle strength and postural balance in children with Down's syndrome. Int J Rehabil Res. 2017 Jun;40(2):127-133. doi: 10.1097/MRR.0000000000000218.
Maïano C, Hue O, Lepage G, Morin AJS, Tracey D, Moullec G Do Exercise Interventions Improve Balance for Children and Adolescents With Down Syndrome? A Systematic Review. Phys Ther. 2019 May 1;99(5):507-518. doi: 10.1093/ptj/pzz012.
Motealleh A, Mohamadi M, Moghadam MB, Nejati N, Arjang N, Ebrahimi N Effects of Core Neuromuscular Training on Pain, Balance, and Functional Performance in Women With Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome: A Clinical Trial. J Chiropr Med. 2019 Mar;18(1):9-18. doi: 10.1016/j.jcm.2018.07.006. Epub 2019 Feb 10.
Saquetto MB, Pereira FF, Queiroz RS, da Silva CM, Conceição CS, Gomes Neto M Effects of whole-body vibration on muscle strength, bone mineral content and density, and balance and body composition of children and adolescents with Down syndrome: a systematic review. Osteoporos Int. 2018 Mar;29(3):527-533. doi: 10.1007/s00198-017-4360-1. Epub 2018 Jan 12.
Sugimoto D, Bowen SL, Meehan WP 3rd, Stracciolini A Effects of Neuromuscular Training on Children and Young Adults with Down Syndrome: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Res Dev Disabil. 2016 Aug;55:197-206. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2016.04.003. Epub 2016 Apr 25. Review.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
