Down's Syndrome — Effect of Virtual Video Reality Gaming on Fine Motor Skills in Children With Down's Syndrome
Citation(s)
Beqaj S, Tërshnjaku EET, Qorolli M, Zivkovic V Contribution of Physical and Motor Characteristics to Functional Performance in Children and Adolescents with Down Syndrome: A Preliminary Study. Med Sci Monit Basic Res. 2018 Oct 16;24:159-167. doi: 10.12659/MSMBR.910448.
Boato E, Melo G, Filho M, Moresi E, Lourenço C, Tristão R The Use of Virtual and Computational Technologies in the Psychomotor and Cognitive Development of Children with Down Syndrome: A Systematic Literature Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Mar 3;19(5). pii: 2955. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19052955. Review.
Hocking DR, Ardalan A, Abu-Rayya HM, Farhat H, Andoni A, Lenroot R, Kachnowski S Feasibility of a virtual reality-based exercise intervention and low-cost motion tracking method for estimation of motor proficiency in youth with autism spectrum disorder. J Neuroeng Rehabil. 2022 Jan 7;19(1):1. doi: 10.1186/s12984-021-00978-1. Erratum in: J Neuroeng Rehabil. 2022 Jun 24;19(1):62.
Jain PD, Nayak A, Karnad SD, Doctor KN Gross motor dysfunction and balance impairments in children and adolescents with Down syndrome: a systematic review. Clin Exp Pediatr. 2022 Mar;65(3):142-149. doi: 10.3345/cep.2021.00479. Epub 2021 Jun 11.
Klotzbier TJ, Holfelder B, Schott N Associations of Motor Performance and Executive Functions: Comparing Children with Down Syndrome to Chronological and Mental Age-Matched Controls. Children (Basel). 2022 Jan 5;9(1). pii: 73. doi: 10.3390/children9010073.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
