Diverticulitis — Damage Control Surgery in the Treatment of Complicated Diverticulitis
Citation(s)
Benz D, Balogh ZJ Damage control surgery: current state and future directions. Curr Opin Crit Care. 2017 Dec;23(6):491-497. doi: 10.1097/MCC.0000000000000465. Review.
Cassini D, Miccini M, Manoochehri F, Gregori M, Baldazzi G Emergency Hartmann's Procedure and Its Reversal: A Totally Laparoscopic 2-Step Surgery for the Treatment of Hinchey III and IV Diverticulitis. Surg Innov. 2017 Dec;24(6):557-565. doi: 10.1177/1553350617722226. Epub 2017 Jul 27.
Ince M, Stocchi L, Khomvilai S, Kwon DS, Hammel JP, Kiran RP Morbidity and mortality of the Hartmann procedure for diverticular disease over 18 years in a single institution. Colorectal Dis. 2012 Aug;14(8):e492-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1463-1318.2012.03004.x.
Khan A, Hsee L, Mathur S, Civil I Damage-control laparotomy in nontrauma patients: review of indications and outcomes. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2013 Sep;75(3):365-8. doi: 10.1097/TA.0b013e31829cb65e.
Perathoner A, Klaus A, Mühlmann G, Oberwalder M, Margreiter R, Kafka-Ritsch R Damage control with abdominal vacuum therapy (VAC) to manage perforated diverticulitis with advanced generalized peritonitis--a proof of concept. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2010 Jun;25(6):767-74. doi: 10.1007/s00384-010-0887-8. Epub 2010 Feb 11.
Sohn M, Agha A, Heitland W, Gundling F, Steiner P, Iesalnieks I Damage control strategy for the treatment of perforated diverticulitis with generalized peritonitis. Tech Coloproctol. 2016 Aug;20(8):577-83. doi: 10.1007/s10151-016-1506-7. Epub 2016 Jul 22.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
