Chmielnicki M, Prokop A [New minimally invasive approach for palmar plating in distal radius fractures]. Z Orthop Unfall. 2015 Feb;153(1):25-8. doi: 10.1055/s-0034-1383103. Epub 2015 Feb 27. German.
Igeta Y, Vernet P, Facca S, Naroura I, Hidalgo Diaz JJ, Diaz JJH, Liverneaux PA The minimally invasive flexor carpi radialis approach: a new perspective for distal radius fractures. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol. 2018 Dec;28(8):1515-1522. doi: 10.1007/s00590-018-2124-z. Epub 2018 Jan 24. Erratum In: Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol. 2018 Mar 3;:. Diaz JJH [corrected to Hidalgo Diaz JJ].
Liverneaux PA The minimally invasive approach for distal radius fractures and malunions. J Hand Surg Eur Vol. 2018 Feb;43(2):121-130. doi: 10.1177/1753193417745259. Epub 2017 Dec 12.
Slutsky DJ Outcomes assessment in wrist surgery. J Wrist Surg. 2013 Feb;2(1):1-4. doi: 10.1055/s-0033-1333892. No abstract available.
Minimally Invasive Surgical Fixation for Unstable Fractures of the Distal End Radius in Adults
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
