Dietary Modification — COntinuous vs BOlus Nasogastric Feeding in Mechanically Ventilated Pediatric Patients 2
Citation(s)
Brown A-M, Forbes ML, Vitale VS, Tirodker UH, Zeller R Effects of a gastric feeding protocol on efficiency of enteral nutrition in critically ill infants and children. ICAN: Infant, Child, & Adolescent Nutrition. 2012;4(3):175-180.
Brown A-M A Comparison of Two Gastric Feeding Approaches in Mechanically Ventilated Pediatric Patients. Akron, OH: The University of Akron; 2014:159.
Chen YC, Chou SS, Lin LH, Wu LF The effect of intermittent nasogastric feeding on preventing aspiration pneumonia in ventilated critically ill patients. J Nurs Res. 2006 Sep;14(3):167-80.
Cooper VB, Haut C Preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia in children: an evidence-based protocol. Crit Care Nurse. 2013 Jun;33(3):21-9; quiz 30. doi: 10.4037/ccn2013204.
Horn D, Chaboyer W, Schluter PJ Gastric residual volumes in critically ill paediatric patients: a comparison of feeding regimens. Aust Crit Care. 2004 Aug;17(3):98-100, 102-3.
Horn D, Chaboyer W Gastric feeding in critically ill children: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Crit Care. 2003 Sep;12(5):461-8.
Hurt RT, McClave SA Gastric residual volumes in critical illness: what do they really mean? Crit Care Clin. 2010 Jul;26(3):481-90, viii-ix. doi: 10.1016/j.ccc.2010.04.010.
Khorasani EN, Mansouri F Effect of early enteral nutrition on morbidity and mortality in children with burns. Burns. 2010 Nov;36(7):1067-71. doi: 10.1016/j.burns.2009.12.005. Epub 2010 Apr 18.
Lee JS, Auyeung TW A comparison of two feeding methods in the alleviation of diarrhoea in older tube-fed patients: a randomised controlled trial. Age Ageing. 2003 Jul;32(4):388-93.
Lee JS, Kwok T, Chui PY, Ko FW, Lo WK, Kam WC, Mok HL, Lo R, Woo J Can continuous pump feeding reduce the incidence of pneumonia in nasogastric tube-fed patients? A randomized controlled trial. Clin Nutr. 2010 Aug;29(4):453-8. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2009.10.003. Epub 2009 Nov 12.
Mehta NM, Bechard LJ, Cahill N, Wang M, Day A, Duggan CP, Heyland DK Nutritional practices and their relationship to clinical outcomes in critically ill children--an international multicenter cohort study*. Crit Care Med. 2012 Jul;40(7):2204-11. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0b013e31824e18a8.
Mehta NM, Compher C; A S.P.E.N. Board of Directors. A.S.P.E.N. Clinical Guidelines: nutrition support of the critically ill child. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2009 May-Jun;33(3):260-76. doi: 10.1177/0148607109333114.
Skillman HE How you can improve the delivery of enteral nutrition in your PICU. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2010 Jan-Feb;34(1):99-100. doi: 10.1177/0148607109344725.
Skillman HE Monitoring the efficacy of a PICU nutrition therapy protocol. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2011 Jul;35(4):445-6. doi: 10.1177/0148607111409046. Epub 2011 Jun 1.
Tume L, Carter B, Latten L A UK and Irish survey of enteral nutrition practices in paediatric intensive care units. Br J Nutr. 2013 Apr 14;109(7):1304-22. doi: 10.1017/S0007114512003042. Epub 2012 Aug 1.
Ukleja A Altered GI motility in critically Ill patients: current understanding of pathophysiology, clinical impact, and diagnostic approach. Nutr Clin Pract. 2010 Feb;25(1):16-25. doi: 10.1177/0884533609357568. Review.
Weckwerth JA Monitoring enteral nutrition support tolerance in infants and children. Nutr Clin Pract. 2004 Oct;19(5):496-503.
COntinuous vs BOlus Nasogastric Feeding in Mechanically Ventilated Pediatric Patients 2
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
