Anguah KO, Wonnell BS, Campbell WW, McCabe GP, McCrory MA A blended- rather than whole-lentil meal with or without alpha-galactosidase mildly increases healthy adults' appetite but not their glycemic response. J Nutr. 2014 Dec;144(12):1963-9. doi: 10.3945/jn.114.195545. Epub 2014 Oct 8.
Cani PD Is colonic propionate delivery a novel solution to improve metabolism and inflammation in overweight or obese subjects? Gut. 2019 Aug;68(8):1352-1353. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2019-318776. Epub 2019 Apr 26. No abstract available.
de Carvalho CM, de Paula TP, Viana LV, Machado VM, de Almeida JC, Azevedo MJ Plasma glucose and insulin responses after consumption of breakfasts with different sources of soluble fiber in type 2 diabetes patients: a randomized crossover clinical trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2017 Nov;106(5):1238-1245. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.117.157263. Epub 2017 Aug 30.
Giacco R, Parillo M, Rivellese AA, Lasorella G, Giacco A, D'Episcopo L, Riccardi G Long-term dietary treatment with increased amounts of fiber-rich low-glycemic index natural foods improves blood glucose control and reduces the number of hypoglycemic events in type 1 diabetic patients. Diabetes Care. 2000 Oct;23(10):1461-6. doi: 10.2337/diacare.23.10.1461.
Hashemi Z, Fouhse J, Im HS, Chan CB, Willing BP Dietary Pea Fiber Supplementation Improves Glycemia and Induces Changes in the Composition of Gut Microbiota, Serum Short Chain Fatty Acid Profile and Expression of Mucins in Glucose Intolerant Rats. Nutrients. 2017 Nov 12;9(11):1236. doi: 10.3390/nu9111236.
Holscher HD Dietary fiber and prebiotics and the gastrointestinal microbiota. Gut Microbes. 2017 Mar 4;8(2):172-184. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2017.1290756. Epub 2017 Feb 6.
Koh A, De Vadder F, Kovatcheva-Datchary P, Backhed F From Dietary Fiber to Host Physiology: Short-Chain Fatty Acids as Key Bacterial Metabolites. Cell. 2016 Jun 2;165(6):1332-1345. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2016.05.041.
Kouris-Blazos A, Belski R Health benefits of legumes and pulses with a focus on Australian sweet lupins. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2016;25(1):1-17. doi: 10.6133/apjcn.2016.25.1.23.
McMacken M, Shah S A plant-based diet for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes. J Geriatr Cardiol. 2017 May;14(5):342-354. doi: 10.11909/j.issn.1671-5411.2017.05.009.
Nilsson A, Johansson E, Ekstrom L, Bjorck I Effects of a brown beans evening meal on metabolic risk markers and appetite regulating hormones at a subsequent standardized breakfast: a randomized cross-over study. PLoS One. 2013;8(4):e59985. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0059985. Epub 2013 Apr 5.
Papanikolaou Y, Fulgoni VL 3rd Bean consumption is associated with greater nutrient intake, reduced systolic blood pressure, lower body weight, and a smaller waist circumference in adults: results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2002. J Am Coll Nutr. 2008 Oct;27(5):569-76. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2008.10719740.
Qian F, Liu G, Hu FB, Bhupathiraju SN, Sun Q Association Between Plant-Based Dietary Patterns and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Intern Med. 2019 Oct 1;179(10):1335-1344. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2019.2195.
Rastelli M, Cani PD, Knauf C The Gut Microbiome Influences Host Endocrine Functions. Endocr Rev. 2019 Oct 1;40(5):1271-1284. doi: 10.1210/er.2018-00280.
Sandberg JC, Bjorck IM, Nilsson AC Rye-Based Evening Meals Favorably Affected Glucose Regulation and Appetite Variables at the Following Breakfast; A Randomized Controlled Study in Healthy Subjects. PLoS One. 2016 Mar 18;11(3):e0151985. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151985. eCollection 2016.
Sandberg JC, Bjorck IME, Nilsson AC Impact of rye-based evening meals on cognitive functions, mood and cardiometabolic risk factors: a randomized controlled study in healthy middle-aged subjects. Nutr J. 2018 Nov 6;17(1):102. doi: 10.1186/s12937-018-0412-4.
Schafer G, Schenk U, Ritzel U, Ramadori G, Leonhardt U Comparison of the effects of dried peas with those of potatoes in mixed meals on postprandial glucose and insulin concentrations in patients with type 2 diabetes. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003 Jul;78(1):99-103. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/78.1.99.
Singh B, Singh JP, Shevkani K, Singh N, Kaur A Bioactive constituents in pulses and their health benefits. J Food Sci Technol. 2017 Mar;54(4):858-870. doi: 10.1007/s13197-016-2391-9. Epub 2016 Nov 21.
Tagliabue A, Elli M The role of gut microbiota in human obesity: recent findings and future perspectives. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2013 Mar;23(3):160-8. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2012.09.002. Epub 2012 Nov 10.
Van Hul M, Cani PD Targeting Carbohydrates and Polyphenols for a Healthy Microbiome and Healthy Weight. Curr Nutr Rep. 2019 Dec;8(4):307-316. doi: 10.1007/s13668-019-00281-5.
Winham DM, Hutchins AM, Thompson SV Glycemic Response to Black Beans and Chickpeas as Part of a Rice Meal: A Randomized Cross-Over Trial. Nutrients. 2017 Oct 4;9(10):1095. doi: 10.3390/nu9101095.
Yadav H, Lee JH, Lloyd J, Walter P, Rane SG Beneficial metabolic effects of a probiotic via butyrate-induced GLP-1 hormone secretion. J Biol Chem. 2013 Aug 30;288(35):25088-25097. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M113.452516. Epub 2013 Jul 8.
Mechanisms Linking Dietary Fiber, the Microbiome and Satiety
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.