Diaphragmatic Hernia — A Physiological Study to Determine the Enteral Threonine Requirements in Infants Aged 1 to 6 Months
Citation(s)
Bertolo RF, Chen CZ, Law G, Pencharz PB, Ball RO Threonine requirement of neonatal piglets receiving total parenteral nutrition is considerably lower than that of piglets receiving an identical diet intragastrically. J Nutr. 1998 Oct;128(10):1752-9. doi: 10.1093/jn/128.10.1752.
Joint WHO/FAO/UNU Expert Consultation Protein and amino acid requirements in human nutrition. World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser. 2007;(935):1-265, back cover.
Kramsch DM, Franzblau C, Hollander W The protein and lipid composition of arterial elastin and its relationship to lipid accumulation in the atherosclerotic plaque. J Clin Invest. 1971 Aug;50(8):1666-77. doi: 10.1172/JCI106656.
Law GK, Bertolo RF, Adjiri-Awere A, Pencharz PB, Ball RO Adequate oral threonine is critical for mucin production and gut function in neonatal piglets. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2007 May;292(5):G1293-301. doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.00221.2006. Epub 2007 Jan 18.
Roberts SA, Ball RO, Moore AM, Filler RM, Pencharz PB The effect of graded intake of glycyl-L-tyrosine on phenylalanine and tyrosine metabolism in parenterally fed neonates with an estimation of tyrosine requirement. Pediatr Res. 2001 Jan;49(1):111-9. doi: 10.1203/00006450-200101000-00022.
Robinson C, Lowe NR, Weatherell JA Amino acid composition, distribution and origin of "tuft" protein in human and bovine dental enamel. Arch Oral Biol. 1975 Jan;20(1):29-42. doi: 10.1016/0003-9969(75)90149-1. No abstract available.
SNYDERMAN SE, NORTON PM, FOWLER DI, HOLT LE Jr The essential amino acid requirements of infants: lysine. AMA J Dis Child. 1959 Feb;97(2):175-85. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1959.02070010177004. No abstract available.
Zello GA, Pencharz PB, Ball RO Dietary lysine requirement of young adult males determined by oxidation of L-[1-13C]phenylalanine. Am J Physiol. 1993 Apr;264(4 Pt 1):E677-85. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.1993.264.4.E677.
Zello GA, Wykes LJ, Ball RO, Pencharz PB Recent advances in methods of assessing dietary amino acid requirements for adult humans. J Nutr. 1995 Dec;125(12):2907-15. doi: 10.1093/jn/125.12.2907.
A Physiological Study to Determine the Enteral Threonine Requirements in Infants Aged 1 to 6 Months
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
