Diagnosis — Benign-Malign Differentiation of Axillary Lymph Nodes: The Role Of Superb Microvascular Imaging
Citation(s)
Bian J, Zhang J, Hou X Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound shear wave elastography combined with superb microvascular imaging for breast tumors: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2021 Jun 25;100(25):e26262. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000026262.
Fu Z, Zhang J, Lu Y, Wang S, Mo X, He Y, Wang C, Chen H Clinical Applications of Superb Microvascular Imaging in the Superficial Tissues and Organs: A Systematic Review. Acad Radiol. 2021 May;28(5):694-703. doi: 10.1016/j.acra.2020.03.032. Epub 2020 May 5.
Ryoo I, Suh S, You SH, Seol HY Usefulness of Microvascular Ultrasonography in Differentiating Metastatic Lymphadenopathy from Tuberculous Lymphadenitis. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2016 Sep;42(9):2189-95. doi: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2016.05.012. Epub 2016 Jun 25.
Sim JK, Lee JY, Hong HS Differentiation Between Malignant and Benign Lymph Nodes: Role of Superb Microvascular Imaging in the Evaluation of Cervical Lymph Nodes. J Ultrasound Med. 2019 Nov;38(11):3025-3036. doi: 10.1002/jum.15010. Epub 2019 Apr 3.
Uslu H, Tosun M The benefit of superb microvascular imaging and shear wave elastography in differentiating metastatic axillary lymphadenopathy from lymphadenitis. Clin Breast Cancer. 2022 Aug;22(6):515-520. doi: 10.1016/j.clbc.2022.03.008. Epub 2022 May 6.
Yang WT, Chang J, Metreweli C Patients with breast cancer: differences in color Doppler flow and gray-scale US features of benign and malignant axillary lymph nodes. Radiology. 2000 May;215(2):568-73. doi: 10.1148/radiology.215.2.r00ap20568.
Ying M, Ahuja A, Brook F Accuracy of sonographic vascular features in differentiating different causes of cervical lymphadenopathy. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2004 Apr;30(4):441-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2003.12.009.
Zhu AQ, Li XL, An LW, Guo LH, Fu HJ, Sun LP, Xu HX Predicting Axillary Lymph Node Metastasis in Patients With Breast Invasive Ductal Carcinoma With Negative Axillary Ultrasound Results Using Conventional Ultrasound and Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound. J Ultrasound Med. 2020 Oct;39(10):2059-2070. doi: 10.1002/jum.15314. Epub 2020 May 5.
Benign-Malign Differentiation Of Axillary Lymph Nodes: The Role Of Superb Microvascular Imaging
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
