Diabetic Macular Edema — Comparison of Treatments in Diabetic Macular Edema
Citation(s)
Ahmadi MA, Lim JI Update on laser treatment of diabetic macular edema. Int Ophthalmol Clin. 2009 Spring;49(2):87-94. doi: 10.1097/IIO.0b013e31819fd6b2. No abstract available.
Baklayan GA, Munoz M The ocular distribution of (14)C-labeled bromfenac ophthalmic solution 0.07% in a rabbit model. Clin Ophthalmol. 2014 Sep 4;8:1717-24. doi: 10.2147/OPTH.S66638. eCollection 2014.
Pinna A, Blasetti F, Ricci GD, Boscia F Bromfenac eyedrops in the treatment of diabetic macular edema: a pilot study. Eur J Ophthalmol. 2017 May 11;27(3):326-330. doi: 10.5301/ejo.5000888. Epub 2016 Nov 16.
Schoenberger SD, Kim SJ Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for retinal disease. Int J Inflam. 2013;2013:281981. doi: 10.1155/2013/281981. Epub 2013 Jan 14.
Waterbury LD, Silliman D, Jolas T Comparison of cyclooxygenase inhibitory activity and ocular anti-inflammatory effects of ketorolac tromethamine and bromfenac sodium. Curr Med Res Opin. 2006 Jun;22(6):1133-40. doi: 10.1185/030079906X112471.
Comparison Between Grid Macular Laser and Topical Bromfenac 0.09% in the Treatment of Diabetic Macular Edema
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
