Diabetic Foot Ulcer — Treatment of Foot and Leg Ulcers Using a Laser
Citation(s)
Alsaad SM, Ross EV, Smith WJ, DeRienzo DP Analysis of Depth of Ablation,Thermal Damage, Wound Healing, and Wound Contraction With Erbium YAG Laser in a Yorkshire Pig Model. J Drugs Dermatol. 2015 Nov;14(11):1245-52.
Gurel MS, Aral BB Effectiveness of erbium:YAG laser and cryosurgery in seborrheic keratoses: Randomized, prospective intraindividual comparison study. J Dermatolog Treat. 2015 Oct;26(5):477-80. doi: 10.3109/09546634.2015.1024597. Epub 2015 Mar 23.
Krakowski AC, Diaz L, Admani S, Uebelhoer NS, Shumaker PR Healing of chronic wounds with adjunctive ablative fractional laser resurfacing in two pediatric patients. Lasers Surg Med. 2016 Feb;48(2):166-9. doi: 10.1002/lsm.22398. Epub 2015 Aug 7.
Madni TD, Lu KB, Imran JB, Clark AT, Hoopman JE, Kenkel JM, Phelan HA Chronic burn wound treatment by Erbium: YAG fractional ablation: First described report and literature review. Burns. 2019 Feb;45(1):256-258. doi: 10.1016/j.burns.2018.10.001. Epub 2018 Oct 17. No abstract available.
Teikemeier G, Goldberg DJ Skin resurfacing with the erbium:YAG laser. Dermatol Surg. 1997 Aug;23(8):685-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1524-4725.1997.tb00389.x.
Wollina U, Konrad H, Karamfilov T Treatment of common warts and actinic keratoses by Er:YAG laser. J Cutan Laser Ther. 2001 Jun;3(2):63-6. doi: 10.1080/146288301753377852.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
