Depression — Equine Assisted Services in Children and Adolescents With Mental Illness
Citation(s)
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Holmes, C M.P., Goodwin, D., Redhead, E.S. et al. The Benefits of Equine-Assisted Activities: An Exploratory Study. Child Adolesc Soc Work J 29, 111-122 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10560-011-0251-z
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O'Haire ME Animal-assisted intervention for autism spectrum disorder: a systematic literature review. J Autism Dev Disord. 2013 Jul;43(7):1606-22. doi: 10.1007/s10803-012-1707-5.
Punzo K, Skoglund M, Carlsson IM, Jormfeldt H Experiences of an Equine-Assisted Therapy Intervention among Children and Adolescents with Mental Illness in Sweden - A Nursing Perspective. Issues Ment Health Nurs. 2022 Dec;43(12):1080-1092. doi: 10.1080/01612840.2022.2126571. Epub 2022 Sep 30.
Schultz PN, Remick-Barlow GA, Robbins L Equine-assisted psychotherapy: a mental health promotion/intervention modality for children who have experienced intra-family violence. Health Soc Care Community. 2007 May;15(3):265-71. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2524.2006.00684.x.
Wilson K, Buultjens M, Monfries M, Karimi L Equine-Assisted Psychotherapy for adolescents experiencing depression and/or anxiety: A therapist's perspective. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2017 Jan;22(1):16-33. doi: 10.1177/1359104515572379. Epub 2016 Jul 27.
Equine Assisted Services in Children and Adolescents With Mental Illness
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
