Depression — App-Based Mindfulness Meditation for People of Color Who Experience Race-Related Stress
Citation(s)
Acabchuk, R L., Simon, M. A., Low, S., Brisson, J. M., & Johnson, B. T. (2021). Measuring Meditation Progress with a Consumer-Grade EEG Device: Caution from a Randomized Controlled Trial. Mindfulness, 12(1), 68-81. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-020-01497-1
Aguilera A, Berridge C Qualitative feedback from a text messaging intervention for depression: benefits, drawbacks, and cultural differences. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth. 2014 Nov 5;2(4):e46. doi: 10.2196/mhealth.3660.
Aguilera A, Bruehlman-Senecal E, Demasi O, Avila P Automated Text Messaging as an Adjunct to Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depression: A Clinical Trial. J Med Internet Res. 2017 May 8;19(5):e148. doi: 10.2196/jmir.6914.
Aguilera A, Munoz RF Text Messaging as an Adjunct to CBT in Low-Income Populations: A Usability and Feasibility Pilot Study. Prof Psychol Res Pr. 2011 Dec 1;42(6):472-478. doi: 10.1037/a0025499.
Alsubaie M, Abbott R, Dunn B, Dickens C, Keil TF, Henley W, Kuyken W Mechanisms of action in mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) and mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) in people with physical and/or psychological conditions: A systematic review. Clin Psychol Rev. 2017 Jul;55:74-91. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2017.04.008. Epub 2017 Apr 23.
Baumel A, Muench F, Edan S, Kane JM Objective User Engagement With Mental Health Apps: Systematic Search and Panel-Based Usage Analysis. J Med Internet Res. 2019 Sep 25;21(9):e14567. doi: 10.2196/14567.
Benish SG, Quintana S, Wampold BE Culturally adapted psychotherapy and the legitimacy of myth: a direct-comparison meta-analysis. J Couns Psychol. 2011 Jul;58(3):279-89. doi: 10.1037/a0023626.
Beshai S, Bueno C, Yu M, Feeney JR, Pitariu A Examining the effectiveness of an online program to cultivate mindfulness and self-compassion skills (Mind-OP): Randomized controlled trial on Amazon's Mechanical Turk. Behav Res Ther. 2020 Nov;134:103724. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2020.103724. Epub 2020 Sep 10.
Bor J, Venkataramani AS, Williams DR, Tsai AC Police killings and their spillover effects on the mental health of black Americans: a population-based, quasi-experimental study. Lancet. 2018 Jul 28;392(10144):302-310. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31130-9. Epub 2018 Jun 21.
Brown KW, Ryan RM The benefits of being present: mindfulness and its role in psychological well-being. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2003 Apr;84(4):822-48. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.84.4.822.
Bruehlman-Senecal E, Aguilera A, Schueller SM Mobile Phone-Based Mood Ratings Prospectively Predict Psychotherapy Attendance. Behav Ther. 2017 Sep;48(5):614-623. doi: 10.1016/j.beth.2017.01.002. Epub 2017 Jan 9.
Carter, E R., & Murphy, M. C. (2015). Group-based Differences in Perceptions of Racism: What Counts, to Whom, and Why? Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 9(6), 269-280. https://doi.org/10.1111/spc3.12181
Carter, R T., Johnson, V. E., Kirkinis, K., Roberson, K., Muchow, C., & Galgay, C. (2019). A Meta-Analytic Review of Racial Discrimination: Relationships to Health and Culture. Race and Social Problems, 11(1), 15-32. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12552-018-9256-y
Castellanos, R , Yildiz Spinel, M., Phan, V., Orengo-Aguayo, R., Humphreys, K. L., & Flory, K. (2020). A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cultural Adaptations of Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Hispanic Populations. Mindfulness, 11(2), 317-332. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-019-01210-x
Chiesa A, Malinowski P Mindfulness-based approaches: are they all the same? J Clin Psychol. 2011 Apr;67(4):404-24. doi: 10.1002/jclp.20776. Epub 2011 Jan 19.
Clarke J, Draper S Intermittent mindfulness practice can be beneficial, and daily practice can be harmful. An in depth, mixed methods study of the "Calm" app's (mostly positive) effects. Internet Interv. 2019 Nov 16;19:100293. doi: 10.1016/j.invent.2019.100293. eCollection 2020 Mar.
Cohen S, Kamarck T, Mermelstein R A global measure of perceived stress. J Health Soc Behav. 1983 Dec;24(4):385-96. No abstract available.
Cook BL, Trinh NH, Li Z, Hou SS, Progovac AM Trends in Racial-Ethnic Disparities in Access to Mental Health Care, 2004-2012. Psychiatr Serv. 2017 Jan 1;68(1):9-16. doi: 10.1176/appi.ps.201500453. Epub 2016 Aug 1.
Cooper D, Yap K, Batalha L Mindfulness-based interventions and their effects on emotional clarity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Affect Disord. 2018 Aug 1;235:265-276. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.04.018. Epub 2018 Apr 5.
Cotter, E W., & Jones, N. (2020). A Review of Latino/Latinx Participants in Mindfulness-Based Intervention Research. Mindfulness, 11(3), 529-553. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-019-01266-9
Craig C, Hiskey S, Spector A Compassion focused therapy: a systematic review of its effectiveness and acceptability in clinical populations. Expert Rev Neurother. 2020 Apr;20(4):385-400. doi: 10.1080/14737175.2020.1746184. Epub 2020 Apr 10.
Crandall A, Cheung A, Young A, Hooper AP Theory-Based Predictors of Mindfulness Meditation Mobile App Usage: A Survey and Cohort Study. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth. 2019 Mar 22;7(3):e10794. doi: 10.2196/10794.
Creswell JD Mindfulness Interventions. Annu Rev Psychol. 2017 Jan 3;68:491-516. doi: 10.1146/annurev-psych-042716-051139. Epub 2016 Sep 28.
Crowe M, Inder M, Porter R Conducting qualitative research in mental health: Thematic and content analyses. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2015 Jul;49(7):616-23. doi: 10.1177/0004867415582053. Epub 2015 Apr 21.
Cummings JR, Allen L, Clennon J, Ji X, Druss BG Geographic Access to Specialty Mental Health Care Across High- and Low-Income US Communities. JAMA Psychiatry. 2017 May 1;74(5):476-484. doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2017.0303.
DeLuca, S M., Kelman, A. R., & Waelde, L. C. (2018). A Systematic Review of Ethnoracial Representation and Cultural Adaptation of Mindfulness- and Meditation-Based Interventions. Psychological Studies, 63(2), 117-129. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12646-018-0452-z
Economides M, Martman J, Bell MJ, Sanderson B Improvements in Stress, Affect, and Irritability Following Brief Use of a Mindfulness-based Smartphone App: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Mindfulness (N Y). 2018;9(5):1584-1593. doi: 10.1007/s12671-018-0905-4. Epub 2018 Mar 1.
Faul F, Erdfelder E, Buchner A, Lang AG Statistical power analyses using G*Power 3.1: tests for correlation and regression analyses. Behav Res Methods. 2009 Nov;41(4):1149-60. doi: 10.3758/BRM.41.4.1149.
Fuchs C, Lee JK, Roemer L, Orsillo SM Using Mindfulness- and Acceptance-Based Treatments With Clients From Nondominant Cultural and/or Marginalized Backgrounds: Clinical Considerations, Meta-Analysis Findings, and Introduction to the Special Series. Cogn Behav Pract. 2013 Feb;20(1):1-12. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpra.2011.12.004.
Fung J, Kim JJ, Jin J, Chen G, Bear L, Lau AS A Randomized Trial Evaluating School-Based Mindfulness Intervention for Ethnic Minority Youth: Exploring Mediators and Moderators of Intervention Effects. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2019 Jan;47(1):1-19. doi: 10.1007/s10802-018-0425-7.
Gal E, Stefan S, Cristea IA The efficacy of mindfulness meditation apps in enhancing users' well-being and mental health related outcomes: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Affect Disord. 2021 Jan 15;279:131-142. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.09.134. Epub 2020 Oct 7.
Green CA, Duan N, Gibbons RD, Hoagwood KE, Palinkas LA, Wisdom JP Approaches to Mixed Methods Dissemination and Implementation Research: Methods, Strengths, Caveats, and Opportunities. Adm Policy Ment Health. 2015 Sep;42(5):508-23. doi: 10.1007/s10488-014-0552-6.
Gross JJ, John OP Individual differences in two emotion regulation processes: implications for affect, relationships, and well-being. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2003 Aug;85(2):348-62. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.85.2.348.
Gu J, Strauss C, Bond R, Cavanagh K How do mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and mindfulness-based stress reduction improve mental health and wellbeing? A systematic review and meta-analysis of mediation studies. Clin Psychol Rev. 2015 Apr;37:1-12. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2015.01.006. Epub 2015 Jan 31. Erratum In: Clin Psychol Rev. 2016 Nov;49:119.
Guendelman S, Medeiros S, Rampes H Mindfulness and Emotion Regulation: Insights from Neurobiological, Psychological, and Clinical Studies. Front Psychol. 2017 Mar 6;8:220. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00220. eCollection 2017.
Hall GC, Ibaraki AY, Huang ER, Marti CN, Stice E A Meta-Analysis of Cultural Adaptations of Psychological Interventions. Behav Ther. 2016 Nov;47(6):993-1014. doi: 10.1016/j.beth.2016.09.005. Epub 2016 Sep 30.
Hanley, A W., Abell, N., Osborn, D. S., Roehrig, A. D., & Canto, A. I. (2016). Mind the Gaps: Are Conclusions about Mindfulness Entirely Conclusive? Journal of Counseling and Development, 94(1), 103-113. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcad.12066
Hawley, L L., Schwartz, D., Bieling, P. J., Irving, J., Corcoran, K., Farb, N. A. S., Anderson, A. K., & Segal, Z. V. (2014). Mindfulness Practice, Rumination and Clinical Outcome in Mindfulness-Based Treatment. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 38(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-013-9586-4
Hayes, A M., & Feldman, G. (2004). Clarifying the Construct of Mindfulness in the Context of Emotion Regulation and the Process of Change in Therapy. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 11(3), 255-262. https://doi.org/10.1093/clipsy/bph080
Hendricks, D S., Lavery, M. R., Bouillon, L. E., & Gotfried, R. S. (2020). Evaluating the Effectiveness of a Mindfulness App Among Academic Advisors. Journal of Technology in Behavioral Science, 5(2), 149-155. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41347-019-00122-w
Hermes ED, Lyon AR, Schueller SM, Glass JE Measuring the Implementation of Behavioral Intervention Technologies: Recharacterization of Established Outcomes. J Med Internet Res. 2019 Jan 25;21(1):e11752. doi: 10.2196/11752.
Hinton, D E., Pich, V., Hofmann, S. G., & Otto, M. W. (2013). Acceptance and Mindfulness Techniques as Applied to Refugee and Ethnic Minority Populations With PTSD: Examples From "Culturally Adapted CBT." Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 20(1), 33-46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpra.2011.09.001
Hsieh HF, Shannon SE Three approaches to qualitative content analysis. Qual Health Res. 2005 Nov;15(9):1277-88. doi: 10.1177/1049732305276687.
Huey SJ Jr, Polo AJ Evidence-based psychosocial treatments for ethnic minority youth. J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol. 2008 Jan;37(1):262-301. doi: 10.1080/15374410701820174.
Jayewardene WP, Lohrmann DK, Erbe RG, Torabi MR Effects of preventive online mindfulness interventions on stress and mindfulness: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Prev Med Rep. 2016 Nov 14;5:150-159. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2016.11.013. eCollection 2017 Mar.
Karekla, M , Kasinopoulos, O., Neto, D. D., Ebert, D. D., Van Daele, T., Nordgreen, T., Höfer, S., Oeverland, S., & Jensen, K. L. (2019). Best Practices and Recommendations for Digital Interventions to Improve Engagement and Adherence in Chronic Illness Sufferers. European Psychologist, 24(1), 49-67. https://doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040/a000349
Kazdin AE Annual Research Review: Expanding mental health services through novel models of intervention delivery. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2019 Apr;60(4):455-472. doi: 10.1111/jcpp.12937. Epub 2018 Jun 13.
Kazdin, A E. (2015). Technology-Based Interventions and Reducing the Burdens of Mental Illness: Perspectives and Comments on the Special Series. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 22(3), 359-366. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpra.2015.04.004
Kroenke K, Spitzer RL, Williams JB The PHQ-9: validity of a brief depression severity measure. J Gen Intern Med. 2001 Sep;16(9):606-13. doi: 10.1046/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x.
Lau, A (2006). Making the Case for Selective and Directed Cultural Adaptations of Evidence-Based Treatments: Examples From Parent Training. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 13(4), 295-310. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2850.2006.00042.x
Laurie J, Blandford A Making time for mindfulness. Int J Med Inform. 2016 Dec;96:38-50. doi: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2016.02.010. Epub 2016 Mar 2.
Lee RT, Perez AD, Boykin CM, Mendoza-Denton R On the prevalence of racial discrimination in the United States. PLoS One. 2019 Jan 10;14(1):e0210698. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210698. eCollection 2019.
Leong FT, Kalibatseva Z Cross-cultural barriers to mental health services in the United States. Cerebrum. 2011 Mar;2011:5. Epub 2011 Mar 23.
Linardon J, Fuller-Tyszkiewicz M Attrition and adherence in smartphone-delivered interventions for mental health problems: A systematic and meta-analytic review. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2020 Jan;88(1):1-13. doi: 10.1037/ccp0000459. Epub 2019 Nov 7.
Linardon J Can Acceptance, Mindfulness, and Self-Compassion Be Learned by Smartphone Apps? A Systematic and Meta-Analytic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. Behav Ther. 2020 Jul;51(4):646-658. doi: 10.1016/j.beth.2019.10.002. Epub 2019 Nov 26.
Littleton H, Grills AE, Kline KD, Schoemann AM, Dodd JC The From Survivor to Thriver program: RCT of an online therapist-facilitated program for rape-related PTSD. J Anxiety Disord. 2016 Oct;43:41-51. doi: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2016.07.010. Epub 2016 Aug 5.
Martinez JH, Eustis EH, Arbid N, Graham-LoPresti JR, Roemer L The role of experiential avoidance in the relation between racial discrimination and negative mental health outcomes. J Am Coll Health. 2022 Feb-Mar;70(2):461-468. doi: 10.1080/07448481.2020.1754221. Epub 2020 May 5.
Miranda R, Polanco-Roman L, Tsypes A, Valderrama J Perceived discrimination, ruminative subtypes, and risk for depressive symptoms in emerging adulthood. Cultur Divers Ethnic Minor Psychol. 2013 Oct;19(4):395-403. doi: 10.1037/a0033504.
Nagayama Hall GC, Hong JJ, Zane NW, Meyer OL Culturally-Competent Treatments for Asian Americans: The Relevance of Mindfulness and Acceptance-Based Psychotherapies. Clin Psychol (New York). 2011 Sep 1;18(3):215-231. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2850.2011.01253.x.
Neary M, Schueller SM State of the Field of Mental Health Apps. Cogn Behav Pract. 2018 Nov;25(4):531-537. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpra.2018.01.002. Epub 2018 Mar 5.
Newman, B , Merolla, J. L., Shah, S., Lemi, D. C., Collingwood, L., & Ramakrishnan, S. K. (2020). The Trump Effect: An Experimental Investigation of the Emboldening Effect of Racially Inflammatory Elite Communication. British Journal of Political Science, 1-22. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007123419000590
Oei, T P. S., & Green, A. L. (2008). The Satisfaction With Therapy and Therapist Scale--Revised (STTS-R) for group psychotherapy: Psychometric properties and confirmatory factor analysis. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 39(4), 435-442. https://doi.org/10.1037/0735-7028.39.4.435
Pascoe EA, Smart Richman L Perceived discrimination and health: a meta-analytic review. Psychol Bull. 2009 Jul;135(4):531-54. doi: 10.1037/a0016059.
Patel JS, Oh Y, Rand KL, Wu W, Cyders MA, Kroenke K, Stewart JC Measurement invariance of the patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) depression screener in U.S. adults across sex, race/ethnicity, and education level: NHANES 2005-2016. Depress Anxiety. 2019 Sep;36(9):813-823. doi: 10.1002/da.22940. Epub 2019 Jul 29.
Raes F, Pommier E, Neff KD, Van Gucht D Construction and factorial validation of a short form of the Self-Compassion Scale. Clin Psychol Psychother. 2011 May-Jun;18(3):250-5. doi: 10.1002/cpp.702. Epub 2010 Jun 8.
Ramos G, Brookman-Frazee L, Kodish T, Rodriguez A, Lau AS Community providers' experiences with evidence-based practices: The role of therapist race/ethnicity. Cultur Divers Ethnic Minor Psychol. 2021 Jul;27(3):471-482. doi: 10.1037/cdp0000357. Epub 2020 May 11.
Ramos, G , & Chavira, D. A. (2019). Use of Technology to Provide Mental Health Care for Racial and Ethnic Minorities: Evidence, Promise, and Challenges. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpra.2019.10.004
Ranganathan P, Pramesh CS, Aggarwal R Common pitfalls in statistical analysis: Intention-to-treat versus per-protocol analysis. Perspect Clin Res. 2016 Jul-Sep;7(3):144-6. doi: 10.4103/2229-3485.184823.
Rushin, S , & Edwards, G. S. (2018). The Effect of President Trump's Election on Hate Crimes. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3102652
Schmitt MT, Branscombe NR, Postmes T, Garcia A The consequences of perceived discrimination for psychological well-being: a meta-analytic review. Psychol Bull. 2014 Jul;140(4):921-48. doi: 10.1037/a0035754. Epub 2014 Feb 17.
Schröder, J , Berger, T., Meyer, B., Lutz, W., Hautzinger, M., Späth, C., Eichenberg, C., Klein, J. P., & Moritz, S. (2017). Attitudes Towards Internet Interventions Among Psychotherapists and Individuals with Mild to Moderate Depression Symptoms. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 41(5), 745-756. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-017-9850-0
Schueller, S M., Hunter, J. F., Figueroa, C., & Aguilera, A. (2019). Use of Digital Mental Health for Marginalized and Underserved Populations. Current Treatment Options in Psychiatry, 6(3), 243-255. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40501-019-00181-z
Schumer MC, Lindsay EK, Creswell JD Brief mindfulness training for negative affectivity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2018 Jul;86(7):569-583. doi: 10.1037/ccp0000324.
Smith JL, Allen JW, Haack C, Wehrmeyer K, Alden K, Lund MB, Mascaro JS The Impact of App-Delivered Mindfulness Meditation on Functional Connectivity and Self-Reported Mindfulness Among Health Profession Trainees. Mindfulness (N Y). 2021;12(1):92-106. doi: 10.1007/s12671-020-01502-7. Epub 2020 Oct 7.
Sobczak, L R., & West, L. M. (2013). Clinical Considerations in Using Mindfulness- and Acceptance-Based Approaches With Diverse Populations: Addressing Challenges in Service Delivery in Diverse Community Settings. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 20(1), 13-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpra.2011.08.005
Sommers-Spijkerman M, Austin J, Bohlmeijer E, Pots W New Evidence in the Booming Field of Online Mindfulness: An Updated Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. JMIR Ment Health. 2021 Jul 19;8(7):e28168. doi: 10.2196/28168.
Spitzer RL, Kroenke K, Williams JB, Lowe B A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: the GAD-7. Arch Intern Med. 2006 May 22;166(10):1092-7. doi: 10.1001/archinte.166.10.1092.
Strohmaier, S , Jones, F. W., & Cane, J. E. (2021). Effects of Length of Mindfulness Practice on Mindfulness, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress: a Randomized Controlled Experiment. Mindfulness, 12(1), 198-214. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-020-01512-5
Torous J, Nicholas J, Larsen ME, Firth J, Christensen H Clinical review of user engagement with mental health smartphone apps: evidence, theory and improvements. Evid Based Ment Health. 2018 Aug;21(3):116-119. doi: 10.1136/eb-2018-102891. Epub 2018 Jun 5.
Treynor, W , Gonzalez, R., & Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (2003). Ruminative reconsiderd: A psychometric analysis. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 27(3), 247-259. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1023910315561
Utsey, S O. (1999). Development and Validation of a Short Form of the Index of Race-Related Stress (IRRS)-Brief Version. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 32(3), 149-167. https://doi.org/10.1080/07481756.1999.12068981
Vines AI, Ward JB, Cordoba E, Black KZ Perceived Racial/Ethnic Discrimination and Mental Health: a Review and Future Directions for Social Epidemiology. Curr Epidemiol Rep. 2017 Jun;4(2):156-165. doi: 10.1007/s40471-017-0106-z. Epub 2017 Apr 27.
Waldron, E M., Hong, S., Moskowitz, J. T., & Burnett-Zeigler, I. (2018). A Systematic Review of the Demographic Characteristics of Participants in US-Based Randomized Controlled Trials of Mindfulness-Based Interventions. Mindfulness, 9(6), 1671-1692. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-018-0920-5
Williams DR Stress and the Mental Health of Populations of Color: Advancing Our Understanding of Race-related Stressors. J Health Soc Behav. 2018 Dec;59(4):466-485. doi: 10.1177/0022146518814251.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.