Anderson RE, McKenny M, Mitchell A, Koku L, Stevenson HC EMBRacing racial stress and trauma: Preliminary feasibility and coping responses of a racial socialization intervention. Journal of Black Psychology 44(1): 25-46, 2018.
Anderson RE, McKenny MC, Stevenson HC EMBRace: Developing a Racial Socialization Intervention to Reduce Racial Stress and Enhance Racial Coping among Black Parents and Adolescents. Fam Process. 2019 Mar;58(1):53-67. doi: 10.1111/famp.12412. Epub 2018 Dec
Anderson RE, Stevenson HC RECASTing racial stress and trauma: Theorizing the healing potential of racial socialization in families. Am Psychol. 2019 Jan;74(1):63-75. doi: 10.1037/amp0000392.
Improving Racial Socialization Competency for Black Caregivers Through a Culturally-Informed Familial Therapeutic Intervention
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
