Dental Anxiety — Evaluation of Dental Anxiety in Second-Stage Implant Surgery With Er,Cr:YSGG Laser
Citation(s)
Candido MC, Andreatini R, Zielak JC, de Souza JF, Losso EM Assessment of anxiety in patients who undergo surgical procedures for tooth implants: a prospective study. Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2015 Sep;19(3):253-8. doi: 10.1007/s10006-014-0480-3. Epub 2015 Jan 10.
Kazancioglu HO, Dahhan AS, Acar AH How could multimedia information about dental implant surgery effects patients' anxiety level? Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2017 Jan 1;22(1):e102-e107.
Evaluation of Dental Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Second Stage Surgery With Er,Cr:YSGG Laser Treatment: Randomized Clinical Trial
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
