Chan MT, Cheng BC, Lee TM, Gin T; CODA Trial Group BIS-guided anesthesia decreases postoperative delirium and cognitive decline. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol. 2013 Jan;25(1):33-42. doi: 10.1097/ANA.0b013e3182712fba.
Choi JW, Joo Ahn H, Yang M, Kim JA, Lee SM, Ahn JH Comparison Between Phenylephrine and Dopamine in Maintaining Cerebral Oxygen Saturation in Thoracic Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Medicine (Baltimore). 2015 Dec;94(49):e2212. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000002212. Erratum In: Medicine (Baltimore). 2016 Feb;95(6):e50a6. JooAhn, Hyun [Corrected to Joo Ahn, Hyun]. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016 Feb 12;95(6):e50a6.
Colak Z, Borojevic M, Bogovic A, Ivancan V, Biocina B, Majeric-Kogler V Influence of intraoperative cerebral oximetry monitoring on neurocognitive function after coronary artery bypass surgery: a randomized, prospective study. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2015 Mar;47(3):447-54. doi: 10.1093/ejcts/ezu193. Epub 2014 May 7.
Couture EJ, Deschamps A, Denault AY Patient management algorithm combining processed electroencephalographic monitoring with cerebral and somatic near-infrared spectroscopy: a case series. Can J Anaesth. 2019 May;66(5):532-539. doi: 10.1007/s12630-019-01305-y. Epub 2019 Feb 1.
Couture EJ, Provencher S, Denault AY Management of Severe Pulmonary Hypertensive Disease for Surgical and Nonsurgical Procedures. Int Anesthesiol Clin. 2018 Fall;56(4):e28-e55. doi: 10.1097/AIA.0000000000000202. No abstract available.
de Tournay-Jette E, Dupuis G, Bherer L, Deschamps A, Cartier R, Denault A The relationship between cerebral oxygen saturation changes and postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2011 Feb;25(1):95-104. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2010.03.019. Epub 2010 Jul 22.
Denault A, Deschamps A, Murkin JM A proposed algorithm for the intraoperative use of cerebral near-infrared spectroscopy. Semin Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2007 Dec;11(4):274-81. doi: 10.1177/1089253207311685.
Denault AY, Couture P Practical diastology. World J Anesthesiology. 2014;3(1):96-104
Denault AY, Deschamps A, Couture P Intraoperative hemodynamic instability during and after separation from cardiopulmonary bypass. Semin Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2010 Sep;14(3):165-82. doi: 10.1177/1089253210376673. Epub 2010 Jul 23.
Edmonds HL, Jr , Cao L, Yu QJ. In the elderly, coronary artery bypass grafting associated with more brain O2 desaturation and cognitive dysfunction. The Annals of thoracic surgery. 2002;73:S375
Fick DM, Mion LC How to try this: Delirium superimposed on dementia. Am J Nurs. 2008 Jan;108(1):52-60; quiz 61. doi: 10.1097/01.NAJ.0000304476.80530.7d. Erratum In: Am J Nurs. 2008 Feb;108(2):15.
Fick DM, Steis MR, Waller JL, Inouye SK Delirium superimposed on dementia is associated with prolonged length of stay and poor outcomes in hospitalized older adults. J Hosp Med. 2013 Sep;8(9):500-5. doi: 10.1002/jhm.2077. Epub 2013 Aug 19.
Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR "Mini-mental state". A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res. 1975 Nov;12(3):189-98. doi: 10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6. No abstract available.
Gebhard CE, Desjardins G, Gebhard C, Gavra P, Denault AY Intratracheal Milrinone Bolus Administration During Acute Right Ventricular Dysfunction After Cardiopulmonary Bypass. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2017 Apr;31(2):489-496. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2016.11.033. Epub 2016 Nov 22.
Gelinas C, Choiniere M, Ranger M, Denault A, Deschamps A, Johnston C Toward a new approach for the detection of pain in adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery: near-infrared spectroscopy--a pilot study. Heart Lung. 2010 Nov-Dec;39(6):485-93. doi: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2009.10.018. Epub 2010 Apr 24.
Hong SW, Shim JK, Choi YS, Kim DH, Chang BC, Kwak YL Prediction of cognitive dysfunction and patients' outcome following valvular heart surgery and the role of cerebral oximetry. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2008 Apr;33(4):560-5. doi: 10.1016/j.ejcts.2008.01.012. Epub 2008 Feb 12.
Inouye SK, Westendorp RG, Saczynski JS Delirium in elderly people. Lancet. 2014 Mar 8;383(9920):911-22. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60688-1. Epub 2013 Aug 28.
Kara I, Erkin A, Sacli H, Demirtas M, Percin B, Diler MS, Kirali K The Effects of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy on the Neurocognitive Functions in the Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting with Asymptomatic Carotid Artery Disease: A Randomized Prospective Study. Ann Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2015;21(6):544-50. doi: 10.5761/atcs.oa.15-00118. Epub 2015 Jun 30.
Kertai MD, White WD, Gan TJ Cumulative duration of "triple low" state of low blood pressure, low bispectral index, and low minimum alveolar concentration of volatile anesthesia is not associated with increased mortality. Anesthesiology. 2014 Jul;121(1):18-28. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000000281.
Khwaja A KDIGO clinical practice guidelines for acute kidney injury. Nephron Clin Pract. 2012;120(4):c179-84. doi: 10.1159/000339789. Epub 2012 Aug 7. No abstract available.
Koning NJ, Vonk AB, Vink H, Boer C Side-by-Side Alterations in Glycocalyx Thickness and Perfused Microvascular Density During Acute Microcirculatory Alterations in Cardiac Surgery. Microcirculation. 2016 Jan;23(1):69-74. doi: 10.1111/micc.12260.
Laflamme M, Perrault LP, Carrier M, Elmi-Sarabi M, Fortier A, Denault AY Preliminary experience with combined inhaled milrinone and prostacyclin in cardiac surgical patients with pulmonary hypertension. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2015 Feb;29(1):38-45. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2014.06.012. Epub 2014 Oct 17.
Lecluyse V, Couture EJ, Denault AY A Proposed Approach to Cerebral and Somatic Desaturation in the Intensive Care Unit: Preliminary Experience and Review. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2017 Oct;31(5):1805-1809. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2017.02.175. Epub 2017 Feb 20. No abstract available.
Lin R, Zhang F, Xue Q, Yu B Accuracy of regional cerebral oxygen saturation in predicting postoperative cognitive dysfunction after total hip arthroplasty: regional cerebral oxygen saturation predicts POCD. J Arthroplasty. 2013 Mar;28(3):494-7. doi: 10.1016/j.arth.2012.06.041. Epub 2012 Nov 12.
Mailhot T, Cossette S, Lambert J, Cournoyer A, Denault AY Cerebral oximetry as a biomarker of postoperative delirium in cardiac surgery patients. J Crit Care. 2016 Aug;34:17-23. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2016.02.024. Epub 2016 Mar 30.
Radtke FM, Franck M, Lendner J, Kruger S, Wernecke KD, Spies CD Monitoring depth of anaesthesia in a randomized trial decreases the rate of postoperative delirium but not postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Br J Anaesth. 2013 Jun;110 Suppl 1:i98-105. doi: 10.1093/bja/aet055. Epub 2013 Mar 28.
Rudski LG, Lai WW, Afilalo J, Hua L, Handschumacher MD, Chandrasekaran K, Solomon SD, Louie EK, Schiller NB Guidelines for the echocardiographic assessment of the right heart in adults: a report from the American Society of Echocardiography endorsed by the European Association of Echocardiography, a registered branch of the European Society of Cardiology, and the Canadian Society of Echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2010 Jul;23(7):685-713; quiz 786-8. doi: 10.1016/j.echo.2010.05.010. No abstract available.
Schoen J, Meyerrose J, Paarmann H, Heringlake M, Hueppe M, Berger KU Preoperative regional cerebral oxygen saturation is a predictor of postoperative delirium in on-pump cardiac surgery patients: a prospective observational trial. Crit Care. 2011;15(5):R218. doi: 10.1186/cc10454. Epub 2011 Sep 19.
Sessler DI, Sigl JC, Kelley SD, Chamoun NG, Manberg PJ, Saager L, Kurz A, Greenwald S Hospital stay and mortality are increased in patients having a "triple low" of low blood pressure, low bispectral index, and low minimum alveolar concentration of volatile anesthesia. Anesthesiology. 2012 Jun;116(6):1195-203. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0b013e31825683dc.
Siepe M, Pfeiffer T, Gieringer A, Zemann S, Benk C, Schlensak C, Beyersdorf F Increased systemic perfusion pressure during cardiopulmonary bypass is associated with less early postoperative cognitive dysfunction and delirium. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2011 Jul;40(1):200-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ejcts.2010.11.024. Epub 2010 Dec 18.
St-Pierre P, Deschamps A, Cartier R, Basmadjian AJ, Denault AY Inhaled milrinone and epoprostenol in a patient with severe pulmonary hypertension, right ventricular failure, and reduced baseline brain saturation value from a left atrial myxoma. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2014 Jun;28(3):723-9. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2012.10.017. Epub 2013 Apr 26. No abstract available.
Taillefer MC, Denault AY Cerebral near-infrared spectroscopy in adult heart surgery: systematic review of its clinical efficacy. Can J Anaesth. 2005 Jan;52(1):79-87. doi: 10.1007/BF03018586.
Trafidlo T, Gaszynski T, Gaszynski W, Nowakowska-Domagala K Intraoperative monitoring of cerebral NIRS oximetry leads to better postoperative cognitive performance: a pilot study. Int J Surg. 2015 Apr;16(Pt A):23-30. doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2015.02.009. Epub 2015 Feb 18.
Zheng F, Sheinberg R, Yee MS, Ono M, Zheng Y, Hogue CW Cerebral near-infrared spectroscopy monitoring and neurologic outcomes in adult cardiac surgery patients: a systematic review. Anesth Analg. 2013 Mar;116(3):663-76. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0b013e318277a255. Epub 2012 Dec 24.
Zorrilla-Vaca A, Healy R, Grant MC, Joshi B, Rivera-Lara L, Brown C, Mirski MA Intraoperative cerebral oximetry-based management for optimizing perioperative outcomes: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Can J Anaesth. 2018 May;65(5):529-542. doi: 10.1007/s12630-018-1065-7. Epub 2018 Jan 18. Erratum In: Can J Anaesth. 2019 Nov;66(11):1427-1429.
Validation of Cerebral Non-invasive Monitoring and Prediction of Post-operative Delirium and Outcomes: A Prospective Observational Study
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.