Critically Ill — How Well do we Feed the Critically Ill Patients
Citation(s)
Bloomer MJ, Clarke AB, Morphet J Nurses' prioritization of enteral nutrition in intensive care units: a national survey. Nurs Crit Care. 2018 May;23(3):152-158. doi: 10.1111/nicc.12284. Epub 2017 Jan 30.
Giner M, Laviano A, Meguid MM, Gleason JR In 1995 a correlation between malnutrition and poor outcome in critically ill patients still exists. Nutrition. 1996 Jan;12(1):23-9. doi: 10.1016/0899-9007(95)00015-1.
Ventura AM, Waitzberg DL Enteral nutrition protocols for critically ill patients: are they necessary? Nutr Clin Pract. 2015 Jun;30(3):351-62. doi: 10.1177/0884533614547765. Epub 2014 Sep 23.
Weijs PJ, Looijaard WG, Beishuizen A, Girbes AR, Oudemans-van Straaten HM Early high protein intake is associated with low mortality and energy overfeeding with high mortality in non-septic mechanically ventilated critically ill patients. Crit Care. 2014 Dec 14;18(6):701. doi: 10.1186/s13054-014-0701-z.
How Well do we Feed the Critically Ill Patients: a Multicentric, Prospective Observational Study
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
