COPD — Comparisons of Inhaled LAMA or LAMA+LABA or ICS+LABA for COPD With Bronchiectasis
Citation(s)
Kew KM, Dias S, Cates CJ Long-acting inhaled therapy (beta-agonists, anticholinergics and steroids) for COPD: a network meta-analysis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014 Mar 26;(3):CD010844. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD010844.pub2. Review.
Manoharan A, Short PM, Anderson WJ, Lipworth BJ Impact of long-acting bronchodilators and exposure to inhaled corticosteroids on mortality in COPD: a real-life retrospective cohort study. Lung. 2014 Oct;192(5):649-52. doi: 10.1007/s00408-014-9611-8. Epub
Oba Y, Lone NA Comparative efficacy of inhaled corticosteroid and long-acting beta agonist combinations in preventing COPD exacerbations: a Bayesian network meta-analysis. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2014 May 12;9:469-79. doi: 10.2147/COPD.S48492. e
The Comparisons of the Efficacy and Safety of Inhaled LAMA or LAMA+LABA or ICS+LABA for Patients in COPD C Group With Bronchiectasis
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
