Cooke DL Predictability of intraocular lens power calculation formulae in infantile eyes with unilateral congenital cataract: results from the infant aphakia treatment study. Am J Ophthalmol. 2014 Jun;157(6):1332. doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2014.02.051.
Drews-Botsch C, Cotsonis G, Celano M, Lambert SR Assessment of Adherence to Visual Correction and Occlusion Therapy in the Infant Aphakia Treatment Study. Contemp Clin Trials Commun. 2016 Aug 15;3:158-166. Epub 2016 May 30.
Koo EB, VanderVeen DK, Lambert SR Global Practice Patterns in the Management of Infantile Cataracts. Eye Contact Lens. 2018 Nov;44 Suppl 2:S292-S296. doi: 10.1097/ICL.0000000000000461.
Kumar P, Lambert SR Evaluating the evidence for and against the use of IOLs in infants and young children. Expert Rev Med Devices. 2016;13(4):381-9. doi: 10.1586/17434440.2016.1153967. Epub 2016 Feb 29. Review.
Lambert SR, Bothun ED, Plager DA Five-Year Postoperative Outcomes of Bilateral Aphakia and Pseudophakia in Children up to 2 Years of Age: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Am J Ophthalmol. 2019 Mar;199:263-264. doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2018.09.042. Epub 2018 Dec 19
Lambert SR, DuBois L, Cotsonis G, Hartmann EE, Drews-Botsch C Factors associated with stereopsis and a good visual acuity outcome among children in the Infant Aphakia Treatment Study. Eye (Lond). 2016 Sep;30(9):1221-8. doi: 10.1038/eye.2016.164. Epub 201
Lambert SR, Plager DA, Lynn MJ, Wilson ME Visual outcome following the reduction or cessation of patching therapy after early unilateral cataract surgery. Arch Ophthalmol. 2008 Aug;126(8):1071-4. doi: 10.1001/archopht.126.8.1071.
Lambert SR, Purohit A, Superak HM, Lynn MJ, Beck AD Long-term risk of glaucoma after congenital cataract surgery. Am J Ophthalmol. 2013 Aug;156(2):355-361.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2013.03.013. Epub 2013 Apr 30.
Lambert SR The timing of surgery for congenital cataracts: Minimizing the risk of glaucoma following cataract surgery while optimizing the visual outcome. J AAPOS. 2016 Jun;20(3):191-2. doi: 10.1016/j.jaapos.2016.04.003. Epub 2016 May 11.
Nguyen M, Shainberg M, Beck AD, Lambert SR Structural changes of the anterior chamber following cataract surgery during infancy. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2015 Aug;41(8):1784-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2015.07.001.
Plager DA, Bothun ED, Freedman SF, Wilson ME, Lambert SR Complications at 10 Years of Follow-up in the Infant Aphakia Treatment Study. Ophthalmology. 2020 Nov;127(11):1581-1583. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2020.04.046. Epub 2020 May 11. Review.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.