Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy — Optimized Treatment Strategies for Early and Medium Stage Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Citation(s)
Liu YC, Wang WY, Twu CW, Jiang RS, Liang KL, Lin PJ, Lin JW, Lin JC Comparison Long-term Outcome of Definitive Radiotherapy plus Different Chemotherapy Schedules in Patients with Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Sci Rep. 2018 Jan 11;8(1):470. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-18713-z.
Xu C, Sun R, Tang LL, Chen L, Li WF, Mao YP, Zhou GQ, Guo R, Lin AH, Sun Y, Ma J, Hu WH Role of sequential chemoradiotherapy in stage II and low-risk stage III-IV nasopharyngeal carcinoma in the era of intensity-modulated radiotherapy: A propensity score-matched analysis. Oral Oncol. 2018 Mar;78:37-45. doi: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2018.01.008. Epub 2018 Feb 20.
Xu C, Zhang LH, Chen YP, Liu X, Zhou GQ, Lin AH, Sun Y, Ma J Chemoradiotherapy Versus Radiotherapy Alone in Stage II Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Systemic Review and Meta-analysis of 2138 Patients. J Cancer. 2017 Jan 15;8(2):287-297. doi: 10.7150/jca.17317. eCollection 2017.
Yao JJ, Yu XL, Zhang F, Zhang WJ, Zhou GQ, Tang LL, Mao YP, Chen L, Ma J, Sun Y Radiotherapy with neoadjuvant chemotherapy versus concurrent chemoradiotherapy for ascending-type nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a retrospective comparison of toxicity and prognosis. Chin J Cancer. 2017 Mar 6;36(1):26. doi: 10.1186/s40880-017-0195-6.
A Randomized Multicenter Phase II/III Study of Optimized Treatment Strategies for Stage II and III Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
