Colo-rectal Cancer — Optimizing Timing of Follow-up Colonoscopy
Citation(s)
Austin PC A comparison of the statistical power of different methods for the analysis of cluster randomization trials with binary outcomes. Stat Med. 2007 Aug 30;26(19):3550-65. doi: 10.1002/sim.2813.
Donner A, Klar N Design and analysis of cluster randomization trials in health research. New York. 2010.
Elias ED, Targownik LE, Singh H, Bernstein CN A Population-Based Study of Combination vs Monotherapy of Anti-TNF in Persons With IBD. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2020 Jan 1;26(1):150-157. doi: 10.1093/ibd/izz148.
Elley CR, Kerse N, Chondros P, Robinson E Intraclass correlation coefficients from three cluster randomised controlled trials in primary and residential health care. Aust N Z J Public Health. 2005 Oct;29(5):461-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-842x.2005.tb00227.x.
Janssen RM, Takach O, Nap-Hill E, Enns RA Time to Endoscopy in Patients with Colorectal Cancer: Analysis of Wait-Times. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2016;2016:8714587. doi: 10.1155/2016/8714587. Epub 2016 Apr 6.
Kul S, Vanhaecht K, Panella M Intraclass correlation coefficients for cluster randomized trials in care pathways and usual care: hospital treatment for heart failure. BMC Health Serv Res. 2014 Feb 24;14:84. doi: 10.1186/1472-6963-14-84.
Lieberman D How good is your dentist? How good is your endoscopist? The quality imperative. Gastroenterology. 2012 Feb;142(2):194-6. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2011.12.016. Epub 2011 Dec 15. No abstract available.
Menees SB, Elliott E, Govani S, Anastassiades C, Schoenfeld P Adherence to recommended intervals for surveillance colonoscopy in average-risk patients with 1 to 2 small (<1 cm) polyps on screening colonoscopy. Gastrointest Endosc. 2014 Apr;79(4):551-7. doi: 10.1016/j.gie.2014.01.029.
Muto T, Bussey HJ, Morson BC The evolution of cancer of the colon and rectum. Cancer. 1975 Dec;36(6):2251-70. doi: 10.1002/cncr.2820360944.
Parker DR, Evangelou E, Eaton CB Intraclass correlation coefficients for cluster randomized trials in primary care: the cholesterol education and research trial (CEART). Contemp Clin Trials. 2005 Apr;26(2):260-7. doi: 10.1016/j.cct.2005.01.002.
Pinsky PF, Schoen RE Contribution of Surveillance Colonoscopy to Colorectal Cancer Prevention. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020 Dec;18(13):2937-2944.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2020.01.037. Epub 2020 Feb 1.
Potet F, Soullard J Polyps of the rectum and colon. Gut. 1971 Jun;12(6):468-82. doi: 10.1136/gut.12.6.468.
Rabeneck L, Paszat LF, Saskin R Endoscopist specialty is associated with incident colorectal cancer after a negative colonoscopy. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2010 Mar;8(3):275-9. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2009.10.022. Epub 2009 Oct 29.
Read AJ, Weissman A, Schoenfeld PS, Saini S, Menees SB, Saini SD Who is Responsible for What Happens Before, During, and After Colonoscopy? Results of a National Survey of Primary Care Physicians. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2018 Jul;52(6):e44-e47. doi: 10.1097/MCG.0000000000000881.
Rex DK, Sullivan AW, Perkins AJ, Vemulapalli KC Colorectal polyp prevalence and aspirational detection targets determined using high definition colonoscopy and a high level detector in 2017. Dig Liver Dis. 2020 Jan;52(1):72-78. doi: 10.1016/j.dld.2019.08.019. Epub 2019 Sep 20.
Rotondi M Sample size estimation functions for cluster randomized trials (Version 1.0)[Software]. Retrieved December. 2015;8:2017.
Saini SD, Nayak RS, Kuhn L, Schoenfeld P Why don't gastroenterologists follow colon polyp surveillance guidelines?: results of a national survey. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2009 Jul;43(6):554-8. doi: 10.1097/MCG.0b013e31818242ad.
Sey MS, Gregor J, Adams P, Khanna N, Vinden C, Driman D, Chande N Wait times for diagnostic colonoscopy among outpatients with colorectal cancer: a comparison with Canadian Association of Gastroenterology targets. Can J Gastroenterol. 2012 Dec;26(12):894-6. doi: 10.1155/2012/494797.
Singh H, Demers AA, Xue L, Turner D, Bernstein CN Time trends in colon cancer incidence and distribution and lower gastrointestinal endoscopy utilization in Manitoba. Am J Gastroenterol. 2008 May;103(5):1249-56. doi: 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2007.01726.x. Epub 2008 Jan 11.
Singh H, Kaita L, Taylor G, Nugent Z, Bernstein C Practice and documentation of performance of colonoscopy in a central Canadian health region. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2014 Apr;28(4):185-90. doi: 10.1155/2014/635932.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.