Cognitive Change — Improving Clinical Decision Making Skills for Myanmar Physical Therapists by Series of Workshop
Citation(s)
Wainwright SF, Shepard KF, Harman LB, Stephens J Factors that influence the clinical decision making of novice and experienced physical therapists. Phys Ther. 2011 Jan;91(1):87-101. doi: 10.2522/ptj.20100161. Epub 2010 Dec 2.
Wainwright SF, Shepard KF, Harman LB, Stephens J Novice and experienced physical therapist clinicians: a comparison of how reflection is used to inform the clinical decision-making process. Phys Ther. 2010 Jan;90(1):75-88. doi: 10.2522/ptj.20090077. Epub 2009 Nov 19.
Improving Clinical Decision Making Skills of Physical Therapists in Myanmar By Series of Educational Workshop
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
