Bessler M, Daud A, Kim T, DiGiorgi M Prospective randomized trial of banded versus nonbanded gastric bypass for the super obese: early results. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2007 Jul-Aug;3(4):480-4; discussion 484-5. Epub 2007 Jun 4.
Brolin RE, Cody RP Adding malabsorption for weight loss failure after gastric bypass. Surg Endosc. 2007 Nov;21(11):1924-6. Epub 2007 Sep 3.
Bruder SJ, Freeman JB, Brazeau-Gravelle P Lengthening the Roux-Y Limb Increases Weight Loss after Gastric Bypass: a preliminary report. Obes Surg. 1991 Mar;1(1):73-77.
Capella JF, Capella RF An assessment of vertical banded gastroplasty-Roux-en-Y gastric bypass for the treatment of morbid obesity. Am J Surg. 2002 Feb;183(2):117-23.
Chin PL, Ali M, Francis K, LePort PC Adjustable gastric band placed around gastric bypass pouch as revision operation for failed gastric bypass. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2009 Jan-Feb;5(1):38-42. doi: 10.1016/j.soard.2008.08.012. Epub 2008 Aug 22.
Choban PS, Flancbaum L The effect of Roux limb lengths on outcome after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: a prospective, randomized clinical trial. Obes Surg. 2002 Aug;12(4):540-5.
Christou NV, Look D, Maclean LD Weight gain after short- and long-limb gastric bypass in patients followed for longer than 10 years. Ann Surg. 2006 Nov;244(5):734-40.
Dapri G, Cadière GB, Himpens J Laparoscopic placement of non-adjustable silicone ring for weight regain after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Obes Surg. 2009 May;19(5):650-4. doi: 10.1007/s11695-009-9807-9. Epub 2009 Mar 5.
Deitel M, Greenstein RJ Recommendations for reporting weight loss. Obes Surg. 2003 Apr;13(2):159-60.
Dindo D, Demartines N, Clavien PA Classification of surgical complications: a new proposal with evaluation in a cohort of 6336 patients and results of a survey. Ann Surg. 2004 Aug;240(2):205-13.
Gobble RM, Parikh MS, Greives MR, Ren CJ, Fielding GA Gastric banding as a salvage procedure for patients with weight loss failure after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Surg Endosc. 2008 Apr;22(4):1019-22. Epub 2007 Oct 18.
Higa KD, Boone KB, Ho T, Davies OG Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass for morbid obesity: technique and preliminary results of our first 400 patients. Arch Surg. 2000 Sep;135(9):1029-33; discussion 1033-4.
Inabnet WB, Quinn T, Gagner M, Urban M, Pomp A Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in patients with BMI <50: a prospective randomized trial comparing short and long limb lengths. Obes Surg. 2005 Jan;15(1):51-7.
Lee S, Sahagian KG, Schriver JP Relationship between varying Roux limb lengths and weight loss in gastric bypass. Curr Surg. 2006 Jul-Aug;63(4):259-63.
Majani G, Pierobon A, Giardini A, et al Satisfaction Profile (SAT-P) in 732 patients: focus on subjectivity in HRQoL assessment. Psychol Health 2000;15:409-22.
Meguid MM, Glade MJ, Middleton FA Weight regain after Roux-en-Y: a significant 20% complication related to PYY. Nutrition. 2008 Sep;24(9):832-42. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2008.06.027. Review.
Mikami D, Needleman B, Narula V, Durant J, Melvin WS Natural orifice surgery: initial US experience utilizing the StomaphyX device to reduce gastric pouches after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Surg Endosc. 2010 Jan;24(1):223-8. doi: 10.1007/s00464-009-0640-y. Epub 2009 Jul 25.
Mouiel J, Bourg S, Iannelli A, et al Nouvelle technique de gastroplatie verticale calibree type Mason-MacLean aveccure de reflux gastro-oesophagien. Jornal de Coelio Chirurgie 2001; 38: 53-6.
Müller MK, Wildi S, Scholz T, Clavien PA, Weber M Laparoscopic pouch resizing and redo of gastro-jejunal anastomosis for pouch dilatation following gastric bypass. Obes Surg. 2005 Sep;15(8):1089-95.
Nguyen NT Reoperations and revisions in bariatric surgery. Surg Endosc. 2007 Nov;21(11):1907-8. Epub 2007 Sep 8.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.