Chronic Pain — Pilot Study of Combined Treatment for Veterans With Chronic Pain & Opiate Misuse
Citation(s)
Bailey RW, Vowles KE Using Screening Tests to Predict Aberrant Use of Opioids in Chronic Pain Patients: Caveat Emptor. J Pain. 2017 Dec;18(12):1427-1436. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2017.06.004. Epub 2017 Jun 29. Review.
Pielech M, Kruger E, Rivers WE, Snow HE, Vowles KE Receipt of multiple outpatient opioid prescriptions is associated with increased risk of adverse outcomes in youth: opioid prescribing trends, individual characteristics, and outcomes from 2005 to 2016. Pain. 2020 Jun;161(6):1297-1310. doi: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001812.
Pielech M, Vowles KE, Wicksell R Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Pediatric Chronic Pain: Theory and Application. Children (Basel). 2017 Jan 30;4(2). pii: E10. doi: 10.3390/children4020010. Review.
Vowles KE, Bailey RW, McEntee ML, Pielech M, Edwards KA, Bolling LA, Rivers WE Using Analgesics for Emotional Modulation is Associated With Increased Distress, Depression, and Risk of Opioid and Alcohol Misuse: Initial Evaluation and Component Analysis of the Reasons for Analgesic Use Measure (RAUM). Clin J Pain. 2018 Oct;34(10):975-982. doi: 10.1097/AJP.0000000000000621.
Witkiewitz K, Vowles KE Alcohol and Opioid Use, Co-Use, and Chronic Pain in the Context of the Opioid Epidemic: A Critical Review. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2018 Mar;42(3):478-488. doi: 10.1111/acer.13594. Epub 2018 Feb 6. Review.
Pilot Study of Combined Treatment for Veterans With Chronic Pain & Opiate Misuse
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
