Children, Only — Fruit and Vegetable Intake in Preschoolers
Citation(s)
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Gripshover SJ, Markman EM Teaching young children a theory of nutrition: conceptual change and the potential for increased vegetable consumption. Psychol Sci. 2013 Aug;24(8):1541-53. doi: 10.1177/0956797612474827. Epub 2013 Jun 26.
Kranz S, Brauchla M, Campbell WW, Mattes RD, Schwichtenberg AJ High-Protein and High-Dietary Fiber Breakfasts Result in Equal Feelings of Fullness and Better Diet Quality in Low-Income Preschoolers Compared with Their Usual Breakfast. J Nutr. 2017 Mar;147(3):445-452. doi: 10.3945/jn.116.234153. Epub 2017 Jan 11.
Singer MR, Moore LL, Garrahie EJ, Ellison RC The tracking of nutrient intake in young children: the Framingham Children's Study. Am J Public Health. 1995 Dec;85(12):1673-7. doi: 10.2105/ajph.85.12.1673.
Witt KE, Dunn C Increasing fruit and vegetable consumption among preschoolers: evaluation of color me healthy. J Nutr Educ Behav. 2012 Mar-Apr;44(2):107-13. doi: 10.1016/j.jneb.2011.01.002. Epub 2011 Sep 16.
Wuhl E Hypertension in childhood obesity. Acta Paediatr. 2019 Jan;108(1):37-43. doi: 10.1111/apa.14551. Epub 2018 Sep 19.
Nutrition Education Intervention to Improve Fruit and Vegetable Consumption in Preschoolers
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
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Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
