Chest Trauma — Erector Spinae Plane Block Versus Thoracic Epidural Block for Chest Trauma
Citation(s)
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Singh S, Jacob M, Hasnain S, Krishnakumar M Comparison between continuous thoracic epidural block and continuous thoracic paravertebral block in the management of thoracic trauma. Med J Armed Forces India. 2017 Apr;73(2):146-151. doi: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2016.11.005. Epub 2016 Dec 24.
Veiga M, Costa D, Brazão I Erector spinae plane block for radical mastectomy: A new indication? Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim (Engl Ed). 2018 Feb;65(2):112-115. doi: 10.1016/j.redar.2017.08.004. Epub 2017 Nov 2. English, Spanish.
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Erector Spinae Plane Block Versus Thoracic Epidural Block as Analgesic Techniques for Chest Trauma
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
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Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
