Bassir SH, Alhareky M, Wangsrimongkol B, Jia Y, Karimbux N Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Hard Tissue Outcomes of Alveolar Ridge Preservation. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2018 Sep/Oct;33(5):979-994. doi: 10.11607/jomi.6399.
Corbella S, Taschieri S, Francetti L, Weinstein R, Del Fabbro M Histomorphometric Results After Postextraction Socket Healing with Different Biomaterials: A Systematic Review of the Literature and Meta-Analysis. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2017 Septe
Ismail NM, Mustapha MS, Megat R The subcellular localisation and the time course of bismuth in the gastric mucosa of rats after short-term administration of colloidal bismuth subcitrate. Ann Acad Med Singap. 1997 Nov;26(6):754-7.
Jung RE, Ioannidis A, Hammerle CHF, Thoma DS Alveolar ridge preservation in the esthetic zone. Periodontol 2000. 2018 Jun;77(1):165-175. doi: 10.1111/prd.12209. Epub 2018 Feb 27.
Misawa M, Lindhe J, Araujo MG The alveolar process following single-tooth extraction: a study of maxillary incisor and premolar sites in man. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2016 Jul;27(7):884-9. doi: 10.1111/clr.12710. Epub 2015 Nov 14.
Tan WL, Wong TL, Wong MC, Lang NP A systematic review of post-extractional alveolar hard and soft tissue dimensional changes in humans. Clin Oral Implants Res. 2012 Feb;23 Suppl 5:1-21. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2011.02375.x.
Van der Weijden F, Dell'Acqua F, Slot DE Alveolar bone dimensional changes of post-extraction sockets in humans: a systematic review. J Clin Periodontol. 2009 Dec;36(12):1048-58. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2009.01482.x.
Comparison of Five Distinct Membranes for Preservation of the Alveolar Ridge Following Tooth Extraction: A Prospective, Randomized, Controlled Clinical Study
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
