Chiriboga D, Yarzebski J, Goldberg RJ, Gore JM, Alpert JS Temporal trends (1975 through 1990) in the incidence and case-fatality rates of primary ventricular fibrillation complicating acute myocardial infarction. A communitywide perspective. Circulation. 1994 Mar;89(3):998-1003.
Dauerman HL, Yarzebski J, Gore JM, Lessard D, Goldberg RJ Use of the invasive management strategy for patients with non-Q-wave myocardial infarction: an observational database report from the Worcester Heart Attack Study. Am Heart J. 2002 Jun;143(6):1033-9.
Furman MI, Dauerman HL, Goldberg RJ, Yarzebski J, Lessard D, Gore JM Twenty-two year (1975 to 1997) trends in the incidence, in-hospital and long-term case fatality rates from initial Q-wave and non-Q-wave myocardial infarction: a multi-hospital, community-wide perspective. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2001 May;37(6):1571-80.
Goldberg RJ, Gore JM, Alpert JS, Dalen JE Incidence and case fatality rates of acute myocardial infarction (1975-1984): the Worcester Heart Attack Study. Am Heart J. 1988 Apr;115(4):761-7.
Goldberg RJ, Gore JM, Alpert JS, Dalen JE Non-Q wave myocardial infarction: recent changes in occurrence and prognosis--a community-wide perspective. Am Heart J. 1987 Feb;113(2 Pt 1):273-9. Erratum in: Am Heart J 1987 Dec;114(6):1535.
Goldberg RJ, Gore JM, Alpert JS, Dalen JE Recent changes in attack and survival rates of acute myocardial infarction (1975 through 1981). The Worcester Heart Attack Study. JAMA. 1986 May 23-30;255(20):2774-9.
Goldberg RJ, Gore JM, Alpert JS, Dalen JE Therapeutic trends in the management of patients with acute myocardial infarction (1975-1984): the Worcester Heart Attack Study. Clin Cardiol. 1987 Jan;10(1):3-8.
Goldberg RJ, Gore JM, Dalen JE Current practice patterns in the management of acute myocardial infarction. Survey of the American College of Chest Physicians. Chest. 1987 Sep;92(3):550-4.
Goldberg RJ, Spencer F, Lessard D, Yarzebski J, Lareau C, Gore JM Occurrence of acute myocardial infarction in Worcester, Massachusetts, before, during, and after the terrorists attacks in New York City and Washington, DC, on 11 September 2001. Am J Cardiol. 2005 Jan 15;95(2):258-60.
Goldberg RJ, Yarzebski J, Lessard D, Gore JM A two-decades (1975 to 1995) long experience in the incidence, in-hospital and long-term case-fatality rates of acute myocardial infarction: a community-wide perspective. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1999 May;33(6):1533-9.
Goldberg RJ, Yarzebski J, Lessard D, Gore JM Decade-long trends and factors associated with time to hospital presentation in patients with acute myocardial infarction: the Worcester Heart Attack study. Arch Intern Med. 2000 Nov 27;160(21):3217-23.
Goldberg RJ, Yarzebski J, Lessard D, Wu J, Gore JM Recent trends in the incidence rates of and death rates from atrial fibrillation complicating initial acute myocardial infarction: a community-wide perspective. Am Heart J. 2002 Mar;143(3):519-27.
Goldberg RJ A community-wide perspective of secular trends in the therapeutic management of patients with acute myocardial infarction. The Worcester Heart Attack Study. Cardiology. 1989;76(2):105-11.
Gore JM, Goldberg RJ, Alpert JS, Dalen JE The increased use of diagnostic procedures in patients with acute myocardial infarction. A community-wide perspective. Arch Intern Med. 1987 Oct;147(10):1729-32.
Greene HL, Goldberg RJ, Ockene JK Cigarette smoking: the physician's role in cessation and maintenance. J Gen Intern Med. 1988 Jan-Feb;3(1):75-87. Review.
Gurwitz JH, Goldberg RJ, Chen Z, Gore JM, Alpert JS Recent trends in hospital mortality of acute myocardial infarction--the Worcester Heart Attack Study. Have improvements been realized for all age groups? Arch Intern Med. 1994 Oct 10;154(19):2202-8.
Silvet H, Spencer F, Yarzebski J, Lessard D, Gore JM, Goldberg RJ Communitywide trends in the use and outcomes associated with beta-blockers in patients with acute myocardial infarction: the Worcester Heart Attack Study. Arch Intern Med. 2003 Oct 13;163(18):2175-83.
Spencer FA, Lessard D, Yarzebski J, Gore JM, Goldberg RJ Decade-long changes in the use of combination evidence-based medical therapy at discharge for patients surviving acute myocardial infarction. Am Heart J. 2005 Oct;150(4):838-44.
Spencer FA, Meyer TE, Goldberg RJ, Yarzebski J, Hatton M, Lessard D, Gore JM Twenty year trends (1975-1995) in the incidence, in-hospital and long-term death rates associated with heart failure complicating acute myocardial infarction: a community-wide perspective. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1999 Nov 1;34(5):1378-87.
Spencer FA, Salami B, Yarzebski J, Lessard D, Gore JM, Goldberg RJ Temporal trends and associated factors of inpatient cardiac rehabilitation in patients with acute myocardial infarction: a community-wide perspective. J Cardiopulm Rehabil. 2001 Nov-Dec;21(6):377-84.
Thompson CA, Yarzebski J, Goldberg RJ, Lessard D, Gore JM, Dalen JE Changes over time in the incidence and case-fatality rates of primary ventricular fibrillation complicating acute myocardial infarction: perspectives from the Worcester Heart Attack Study. Am Heart J. 2000 Jun;139(6):1014-21.
Yarzebski J, Bujor CF, Lessard D, Gore JM, Goldberg RJ Recent and temporal trends (1975 to 1999) in the treatment, hospital, and long-term outcomes of Hispanic and non-Hispanic white patients hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction: a population-based perspective. Am Heart J. 2004 Apr;147(4):690-7.
Yarzebski J, Col N, Pagley P, Savageau J, Gore J, Goldberg R Gender differences and factors associated with the receipt of thrombolytic therapy in patients with acute myocardial infarction: a community-wide perspective. Am Heart J. 1996 Jan;131(1):43-50.
Yarzebski J, Goldberg RJ, Gore JM, Alpert JS Temporal trends and factors associated with pulmonary artery catheterization in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Chest. 1994 Apr;105(4):1003-8.
Yarzebski J, Spencer F, Goldberg RJ, Lessard D, Gore JM Temporal trends (1986-1997) in cholesterol level assessment and management practices in patients with acute myocardial infarction: a population-based perspective. Arch Intern Med. 2001 Jun 25;161(12):1521-8.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.